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Full Description
International trade is vital to the well-being of the international market. No textbook suited virtually every nation, because no nation is my purpose, so I set about to write one. capable of satisfying its material needs beyond the subsistence level entirely from domestic My first task was to define my terms-tar iffs, non-tariff barriers, shipping terminology, resources. As a nation's technology advances and edu etc. As this labor progressed over many cational levels improve, heavy industry and months, it became evident there was need for manufacturing are often supplanted by serv an encyclopedic reference work which fo ice industries, as evidenced by the economies cused upon international trade. My enquiries of Europe, North America, and Japan. The having divulged no similar work in English, I shift to a service economy increases import decided to concentrate efforts upon an reliance, especially in the areas of consumer encyclopedia. products and basic industrial commodities, In selecting entries, it was my intention to such as steel. This transition creates opportu provide the reader with a cross section of nities-in the form of new markets and lower terminology of the various aspects of interna unit costs-but also begets confrontation as tional trade-marketing, taxation, shipping, lower priced imports displace domestic work law, accounting, etc. Each entry, it is hoped, is ers, and charges of unfair competition congeal sufficiently descriptive to define the topic ade into protectionist policies. quately, without extraneous detail or digres Unfortunately, the process of international sion.
Contents
Dictionary of International Commerce : 3.- Appendices.- A. Statutes.- 1. Limited Liability Statute; Fire Statute.- 2. The Harter Act.- 3. Carriage of Goods by Sea Act.- 4. Federal Bills of Lading Act (Pomerene Act).- 5. Shipping Act of 1916.- 6. Shipping Act of 1984.- B. Symbols.- 1. Abbreviations and Acronyms.- 2. Flag Abbreviations.- 3. Symbols for Principal Trading Currencies.- 4. Currency Symbols (Commercial Usage).- 5. Weights & Measures.- 6. Metric Equivalents.- 7. International System of Units.- 8. International Packing Symbols and Cautionary Marks.- C. Directories.- 1. Directory of Commodity Exchanges.- 2. District Offices, International Trade Administration, United States Department of Commerce.- 3. State Tax and Revenue Authorities.- 4. Foreign Chambers of Commerce in the United States.- 5. Internal Revenue Service Centers, by Region.- 6. National Standards Bodies.- 7. Foreign-Trade Zones, by State and Community; by Number.- D. Textual Materials.- 1. Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions—1941.- 2. Merchant's Agreement.- 3. The U. S. Munitions List.- 4. Property and Indemnity Policy.- 5. Salvage Agreement.- 6. J-List Items.- 7. International Maritime Organization.- 8. Status of Tokyo Round MTN Agreement Signatures and Acceptances.- E. Statistical and Financial Data.- 1. U. S. Exports of Domestically Produced Merchandise, Selected Products: 1970-83.- 2. Distribution of U. S. Domestic Exports and General Imports by Broad Commodity Groups: 1960-83.- 3. U. S. Merchandise Exports and Imports for Consumption by Customs Region and District: 1970-83.- 4. Exports and Imports of Selected Nations, 1965-1984;.- 5. Exports and Imports of Leading Commodities: 1983.- 6. Indices of Total Value, Unit Value (Average Price), and Quantity of U. S. Exports andImports: 1970-83.- 7. U. S. Merchandise Trade Balance, by Country: 1975-83.- 8. Agricultural Exports, by Principal Commodities, Value, and Importing Country: 1970-83.- 9. World Trade Balance and Current Account Balance for Selected Years and Countries.- 10. World Bank Structure.- 11. Summary Features of Exchange and Trade Systems.- F. Taxes.- 1. Excise Taxes.- 2. List of Tax Treaties.- 3. Tax Rates on Income Other Than Personal Service Income.- About the Author.
