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Full Description
The 1979 photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference was organi zed by the Commission of the European Communities in co - ope ration with the Sen at von Berlin and the Institute for Elect- cal and Electronics Engineers.This conference, as the first one held in Luxembourg in 1977, reflected the interest of the Com mission in solar energy research and development : within the Commission's R&D programme the photovoltaic part takes one of the largest shares. The presentations.and the discussions of the recent advan ces in photovoltaic technology inspire confidence that this tech nology in the long run will provide an alternative energy system. The increasing industrial interest is an indication of the ope ning of the market, which is a condition for a rapid decrease in cost. I hope that the success of this Conference will be an en couragement to all countries to allocate the R&D funds which are necessary to continue the further development of this tech nology. I also hope that this Conference contributed to strengthen the international co - operation.
Contents
Opening Session.- by the Chairman.- Opening address.- Begrussungsansprache.- Begrussungsansprache.- Keynote address: Prospects and opportunities in photovoItaies.- Discours d'ouverture: L'avenir de la conversion photovoltaique pour l'Europe.- Keynote address: Photovoltaies for developing countries.- Session 1 - Fundamental studies - Silicon.- New experimental evidence for minority carrier MIS diodes.- The influence of grain size and dopant concentration on the electrical properties of poly-crystalline silicon films.- Comprehensive explanation of efficiency limits in silicon solar cells.- Session 2 - Crystalline silicon materials.- Invited paper: Technology and economics of starting materials for low-cost silicon solar cells.- Progress on the dow corning process for solar-grade silicon.- Low-cost, high-efficiency silicon by heat exchanger method and fixed abrasive slicing technique.- Early assessment of the photovoltaic potentialities of RAD polysilicon sheets.- Wide silicon ribbon growth by capillary action shaping technique.- Invited paper: Low-cost crystalline silicon.- Potential for improved silicon ribbon growth through thermal environment control.- Ion implanted solar cells from EPG silicon ribbons.- Session 3 - Silicon cells.- Experimental optimization of the efficiency of n pp and p+ nn+ silicon solar cells.- A high volume process for silicon solar cells using solid diffusion sources.- A new diffusion process for silicon solar cells.- The effects of concentrated sunlight on silicon solar cells.- Degradation effects in silicon Schottky barrier solar cells.- Advanced thin silicon solar cell with controlled optical absorpt ance.- Effect of laser irradiation on the characteristics of implanted layers for silicon solar cells.- Improved thick-film semiconductor/solar cell contacts.- Late news paper: Recent advances in thin foil silicon solar cells.- Session 4 - Modules and economic analyses.- Progress in the field of terrestrial solar generators.- Study of sandwich type glass encapsulation.- A revised economic analysis of photovoltaic power modules.- The design of photovoltaic systems for residential applications in the United States.- Session 5 - Amorphous silicon.- Optimization studies of materials in hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells.- Preparation and properties of nitrogen-doped amorphous silicon.- Evaluation of multi junction structures using amorphous Si-Ge alloys.- Schottky barriers on sputtered hydrogenated amorphous silicon: Photovoltaic properties and capacitance-voltage characteristics.- Contact formation, scaling and optimization of large-area r.f.- sputtered a-Si Schottky barrier solar cells.- The stability of amorphous silicon Schottky barrier solar cells.- Late news paper: Hydrogenated amorphous silicon Schottky- barrier diodes.- Session 6 - Compound semiconductor cells (1).- Invited paper: Appraisal of thin-film solar cells.- Interface recombination and junction field studies in the Cu2S-CdS solar cell.- EBIC and capacitance measurements on Cu2S-CdS solar cells - Stability problems.- Single crystal solar cell heterojunctions by chemical vapor deposition of CdS.- Optimal material properties for CdS/Cu2S. solar cells.- Thin-film (CdZn)S for solar cells.- Progress in the development of the thin-film MIS solar cell based on CdSe.- An S.S.M. study of thin films made by spray pyrolysis.- Session 7 - Compound semiconductor cells (2).- Invited paper: Photo-electrochemical solar cells.- CdTe homojunctions solar cells.- Oxide/semiconductor photovoltaic heterojunctions based on CdTea or InPb.- Schottky barrier grid devices on Zn3P2.- Concentration and temperature performances of GaAs-GaAlAs solar cells.- Session 8 - Space applications and testing.- Invited paper: Photovoltaic power generators in space.- Requirements for future air force satellite solar power technology.- Pulsed measurement of solar cell spectral response.- A low-cost solar simulator for testing photovoltaic terrestrial solar power cells and modules.- Session 9 - Concentrators and concentrating systems.- Invited paper: Photovoltaic generators using optical concentration.- Operation of multi-bandgap concentrator cells with a spectrum splitting filter.- Fluorescent planar concentrators - performance and experimental results.- Status of the US Department of Energy photovoltaic concentrator development project.- Development of 1 pkW photovoltaic module with concentration.- Solar cells with concentrating collectors and integrated heat use system.- Session 10 - Systems and demonstration projects.- Invited paper: Integration of photovoltaic generation into a large generation system.- Invited paper: Photovoltaics on the system level.- DC to AC power conditioning for photovoltaic arrays and utility interfacing.- Analysis, design and realization of 5 kW photovoltaic generator.- The design and construction of ja 100 kW photovoltaic remote stand- alone power system.- Study of a hydro-photovoltaic plant for peak power generation in Central and Northern European countries.- Invited paper: Batteries for solar electricity.- Papers of The Poster Sessions.- Group P1 - Fundamental studies.- Research issues for low-cost photovoltaic cells.- Numerical modelling of a solar cell in three dimensions.- Obtaining accurate values of diffusion length with the scanning electron microscope.- Reduction of surface recombination velocity of silicon surfaces by SnO films.- Theoretical performance of multi-layer grid patterns for solar cells.- Survey of semiconductor combinations for optimum heterojunction thin film solar cells.- Carrier transport through heterojunction solar cells.- An improved analysis of the n-type Schottky barrier solar cell.- Semiconductor-electrolyte solar cells for the photoelectro- chemical reduction of carbon dioxide to organic fuel.- Electrochemical photovoltaic cells utilizing thin-film semi-conductor electrodes.- Group P2 - Crystalline silicon materials.- Recent advances in solar silicon purification technology.- Some characteristics of low-cost silicon sheet.- Low-cost processes for silicon.- On the effects of boron and phosphorus primary impurities in p-type silicon material for solar cells.- Re crystallization of CVD-grown polycrystalline silicon and the influence of dopants on grain growth.- Polycrystalline silicon and its characterization.- Transport properties and TEM observation of RAD polycrystalline silicon films.- The growth of polycrystal line silicon layers on top of a tincoated substrate: in situ observations.- Group P3 - Silicon cells.- Improvement of phosphorus diffused silicon solar cells by Laser treatment.- Influence of the double exponnential on the efficiency and the yield of screen printed solar cells.- Optical, structural and compositional characterization of TiO antirefieetion coatings.- A computer model for polycrystalline Si n /p solar cells.- High efficiency silicon solar cell for concentrator systems.- High efficiency transcells and vertical multifunction cells for double-sided concentrated illumination.- Advances in theory, fabrication and applications of bifacial solar cells.- Group P4 - Modules and economic analyses.- Integrated Cu2S-CdS thin-film solar cell generator.- A preliminary "Test Case" manufacturing sequence for 50 c/Watt solar photovoltaic modules in 1986.- Photovoltales commercialization readiness assessment.- Recent developments in the economic modeling of photovoltaic module manufacturing.- Group P5 - Amorphous silicon.- Comparison of optical and electrical properties of hydrogenated a-Si films formed by glow discharge of SiH or SiCl4/H2.- Group P6 - Compound semiconductor cells (1).- Model for the photovoltaic effect in Cu S-CdS solar cells in the backwall configuration.- Thin-fiIm Cds/Cu-S solar cells prepared by electrophoresis.- Photon loss analysis and design of thin-film planar junction Cus/CdS devices.- Magnetron reactive sputtering deposition of Cu2s/CdS solar cells.- The chemistry of cadmium sulfide formation from cadmium chloride and thiourea.- Optical and calorimetric measurements of cupreous sulphides thin films.- CdS heterojunction and Schottky barrier photovoltaic devices.- Preparation and analysis of Cu2O thin-film solar cells.- Group P7 - Compound semiconductor cells (2).- Accurate computer analysis of solar cells, including band-gap variation - Application to the Al Ga1?x As Ga As structure.- Efficient GaAs shallow-homo junction solar cells on single crystal GaAs and Ge substrates.- On the influence of an interfacial oxide layer on Au/n-GaAs Schottky barrier solar cells.- Un nouveau procede aux organometalliques pour l'elaboration de couches minces de materiaux III-V par depot chimique en phase vapeur a liasse temperature.- AlSb as a potential photovoltaic material.- AlSb as a candidate material for photovoltaic solar energy conversion.- Group P8 - Testing.- Testing flat plate photovoltaic modules for terrestrial environ- ments.- Determination of the spectral distribution of global radiation with a rapid spectral radiometer and its correlation with solar cell efficiency.- Physical/chemical modeling for photovoltaic module life pre-diction.- Group P9 - Concentrators and concentrating systems.- Hybrid silicone-glass Fresnel lens as concentrator for photo-voltaic applications.- Cassegrain solar concentrators for photovoltaies.- Hybrid system consisting of silicon solar cells with concentrators and heat pump.- 20 kW Gallium arsenide photovoltaic dense array for central receiver concentrator applications.- Group P10 - Systems and demonstration projects.- A 1 kW Photovoltaic demonstration project.- A new approach to solar pump systems using submersible motors.- Calculations and experimental data of water pumping systems with respect to photovoltaic converter arrays.- Engineering studies on the optimization of the collection sub-system of a 1 MW photovoltaic facility.- Influence of meteorological conditions on the design of solar energy DC-AC inverters.- Sophia Antipolis 5 kW photovoltaic power generator for habitat.- New energies in telecommunications - Aerosolec Station.- Description of photovoltaic village power systems in the United States and Africa.- -Operational characteristics of a 60 kW photovoltaic system integrated with a utility grid.- Group P11 - National programs.- Status of the US photovoltaic R&D program.- The U.S. Department of Energy National Photovoltaic Program Plan.- Photovoltaic research and development projects in the Federal Republic of Germany.- Italian activities in photovoltaics.- The French program on photovoltaic conversion.- Canadian Photovoltaic R& D activities.- The European photovoltaic R&D program..- Closing Session.- Closing address by the General Chairman.- List of Participants.- Author Index.
