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Full Description
The contents of this volume are based on the U.S.-Japan Seminar on the Dynamics of the Middle Atmosphere, held at the East-West Center of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, 8-12 November 1982. The seminar was jointly sponsored by the United States National Science Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The participants included eleven scientists from the U.S.A., eleven from Japan, and one from Australia. In recent decades the meteorology of the middle atmosphere has become a subject of increasing research activity. Much of this acti vity has been stimulated by concern about possible anthropogenic per turbations of the stratospheric ozone layer, and also possible linkages with climatic fluctuations. Observational and theoretical efforts to study the dynamics, physics, and chemistry of the middle atmosphere have recently intensified on an international basis with the beginning of the Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP). Thus the Seminar was very timely.
Contents
Gravity Waves.- Gravity waves in the mesosphere.- Gravity wave attenuation and the evolution of the mean state following wave breakdown.- Nonzonal gravity wave breaking in the winter mesosphere.- Climatology of gravity waves in the middle atmosphere.- VHF echoes from the arctic mesosphere and lower thermosphere, Part I: Observations.- VHF echoes from the arctic mesosphere and lower thermosphere, Part II: Interpretations.- Multiple "gust-layers" observed in the middle stratosphere.- Internal gravity wave enhancement by the chemical heat release due to oxygen recombination.- Tides and Free Oscillations.- An overview on tidal observation.- Linearized steady calculations of semidiurnal tides in the middle atmosphere.- Zonal mean winds induced by solar diurnal tides in the lower thermosphere for solstice condition.- Normal mode Rossby waves observed in the upper stratosphere.- Large-Scale Waves and Wave, Mean-Flow Interaction.- The quasi-biennial oscillation.- A 2-dimensional numerical model of the semi-annual zonal wind oscillation.- A numerical simulation of the zonal mean circulation of the middle atmosphere including effects of solar diurnal tidal waves and internal gravity waves: Solstice condition.- An overview of wave-mean flow interactions during the winter of 1978-79 derived from LIMS observation.- Four observed sudden warmings diagnosed by the Eliassen-Palm flux and refractive index.- Dynamics of minor stratospheric warmings and "preconditioning".- Radiation.- Infrared radiative exchange in the middle atmosphere in the 15 micron band of carbon dioxide.- Transport of Tracers.- Troposphere-stratosphere exchange of trace constituents: The water vapor puzzle.- Transport of trace constituents in the stratosphere.- Modeling of tracer transport in the middleatmosphere.- The global structure of the total ozone fluctuations observed on the time scale of two to several years.- Modeling.- Modeling the middle atmosphere circulation.- Dynamics of the middle atmosphere: Successes and problems of the GFDL "SKYHI" general circulation model.- On the January simulation of stratospheric circulations with the MRI general circulation model: preliminary results.- Author Index.
