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The peasants have always had a significant role to play in the economic, social and political structure of a country. They have attracted the attention of economists, historians, sociologists and anthropologists. Scholars in these fields have been looking for contemporary literature in their search for?more?information?about?various?aspects?of?rural?life.
S.N.A. Jafri's book The History and Status of Landlords and Tenants in the United Provinces (India) was first published in 1931. It deals with the North West Provinces of Agra and the region of Oudh (present day Uttar Pradesh) where the tenant question had a complicated and complex history. These regions witnessed a number of peasant upsurges during 1857-1931.
The book gives a vivid description of rural life in the United Provinces. The author has discussed the changing status of the cultivator brought about by constant and judicious legislation to a position of some security.
He also deals with the miseries of the cultivator and observes with 'regret that the general outlook of the life of an agriculturist has changed very little from?what?it?was?in?the?past?ages'.
The book is divided into two parts with twenty-one chapters altogether. It describes the origin of the revenue system and traces its history from the earliest times to the British period; the revenue settlements in Agra and Oudh; assessment and the legal status of the tenantry; administrative machinery to safeguard tenures; indebtedness and taxation; methods of irrigation; village sanitation; medical relief; education and various aspects related to rural economy and village uplift.
The book also deals with village communities taking into account the daily life and habits of agriculturists; social customs and manners; recreation and amusement in the countryside; peasant songs and poetry; and questions?related?to?village?autonomy.
The author has given substantial data such as budgeting in the peasant families, etc. - data which is much needed to explore the economic condition?of?the?people.
Contents
Abbreviations IX
Glossary 1-21
Preface 22-28
Part I
Chapter I Ancient India 31-41
Chapter II Muslim Period 42-73
Chapter III Early history of British Revenue Administration 74-90
Chapter IV Historical account of the Settlement in the Provinces now known as Agra Province 91-106
Chapter V The Assessment in the Agra Provinces 107-115
Chapter VI Legal Position of the Tenantry in the Agra Province 116-115
Chapter VII Oudh 156-183
Chapter VIII Administrative Machinery to Safeguard Tenures 184-187
Part II
Chapter I Introductory 191-197
Chapter II Section A to H 198-26
Chapter III Section A to C 237-287
Chapter IV Recreation, Amusements and Sports 288-297
Chapter V Education 298-307
Chapter VI VIllage Sanitation 308-315
Chapter VII Medical Relief 316-319
Chapter VIII Indebtedness 320-342
Chapter IX Taxation 343-359
Chapter X VIllage Autonomy or Association 360-367
Chapter XI Rural Economy 368-384
Chapter XII VIllage Uplift 385-397
Appendix A 399-401
Appendix B 401
Appendix C 402-423
Bibliography 424-437
