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Globally, there is growing awareness of the adverse impact of chemical inputs on soil, environment and human health. This has prompted both developed and developing countries to shift towards organic farming and organic food products. The Government of India has been actively supporting organic farming through various polices and schemes. India has an advantage of producing organic food products and is among the top 10 global exporters of such products. The domestic market for organic food products is growing at a fast pace. Given this background, the objective of this report is to: (a) understand recent trends and developments in organic farming globally and the scope for the development of organic farming in and export of organic food products from India, (b) identify global best practices in regulations on organic products, (c) examine the measures taken by the Indian government to support organic farming and organic food, (d) identify the issues faced by organic farmers and organic processed food producers, exporters, importers and other supply chain agents, (e) find the policy gaps, and (f) make policy recommendations to the government for the holistic growth of this sector based on global best practices and the country's own requirements. The report is based on the first pan-India primary survey of companies and farmers following different organic certification processes.
Contents
List of Tables, Figures, Images and Boxes
Foreword
Acknowledgement
List of Abbreviations
Executive Summary
1. Introduction and the Background
1.1 How is Organic Defined?
1.2 The Indian Context
1.3 Objective and Layout
1.4 Sampling Framework
1.5 Sampling Methodology
2. Recent Trends and Developments
in Organic Food Production, Trade and Regulation
2.1 Agricultural Land under Organic and Organic Crop Production
2.2 Organic Food Market
2.3 Global Trade in Organic Products
2.4 Standards and Regulations Related to the Organic Industry
2.5 The Institutional Set-up for Organic Agriculture
2.6 Promoting Organic Trade through Equivalence Agreements
2.7 Participatory Guarantee System
3. Organic Agriculture: The Case of India
3.1 Evolution of Organic Agriculture in India
3.2 Institutional Structure of Organic Agriculture and Food in India
3.3 Regulatory Framework and Standards Governing Organic Food Products in India
3.4 Comparing Global Practices with Indian Practices
3.5 Area under Organic Farming and Production in India
3.6 India's Trade in Organic Food Products
3.7 Conclusion
4. Survey of Companies Engaged in the Organic Business
4.1 Company Operations and Market
4.2 Key Activities and Product Categories
4.3 Revenue
4.4 Sourcing
4.5 About the Supply Chain
4.6 Quality Control and Certifications
4.7 Organic Trade
4.8 Conventional versus Organic Business
4.9 Organic Retailing: Reaching Out to Consumers
4.10 About their Consumers
4.11 Growth Projection of Organic Business in India
4.12 Issues Related to Organic Business in India
4.13 Policy Recommendations
5. The Survey of Farmers Engaged in Organic Farming
5.1 About the Farm and Farm Operations
5.2 About their Certification
5.3 Organic Farmers by Product Categories
5.4 Average Yield
5.5 Land Ownership
5.6 About their Market Linkages
5.7 About their Markets: Domestic or Exports
5.8 Branding
5.9 Product Diversification and Growth
5.10 Land Treatment for Organic Production by Farmers
5.11 Certification of Land
5.12 About the Inputs Used in Organic Production
5.13 Some Issues Faced by Farmers
5.14 Farmers Response to Policy Questions
6. Primary Survey Findings of Policymakers, Certification Bodies,
Laboratories and Regional Councils
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Primary Survey of Policymakers
6.3 Primary Survey of Certification Bodies
6.4 Primary Survey of Laboratories
6.5 Survey of Regional Councils
7. Way Forward and Policy Recommendations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Some Key Findings of the Survey
7.3 What should be the Right Policy?
References
