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Full Description
This book is the first comprehensive study of postwar antisemitism in the Netherlands. It focuses on the way stereotypes are passed on from one decade to the next, as reflected in public debates, the mass media, protests and commemorations, and everyday interactions. The Holocaust, Israel and 'the Jew' explores the ways in which old stories and phrases relating to 'the stereotypical Jew' are recycled and modified for new uses, linking the antisemitism of the early postwar years to its enduring manifestations in today's world.
The Dutch case is interesting because of the apparent contrast between the Netherlands' famous tradition of tolerance and the large numbers of Jews who were deported and murdered in the Second World War. The book sheds light on the dark side of this so-called 'Dutch paradox,' in manifestations of aversion and guilt after 1945. In this context, the abusive taunt 'They forgot to gas you' can be seen as the first radical expression of postwar antisemitism as well as an indication of how the Holocaust came to be turned against the Jews. The identification of 'the Jew' with the gas chamber spread from the streets to football stadiums, and from verbal abuse to pamphlet and protest. The slogan 'Hamas, Hamas all the Jews to the gas' indicates that Israel became a second marker of postwar antisemitism.
The chapters cover themes including soccer-related antisemitism, Jewish responses, philosemitism, antisemitism in Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch- Turkish communities, contentious acts of remembrance, the neo-Nazi tradition, and the legacy of Theo van Gogh. The book concludes with a lengthy epilogue on 'the Jew' in the politics of the radical right, the attacks in Paris in 2015, and the refugee crisis. The stereotype of 'the Jew' appears to be transferable to other minorities.
Now also available as paperback!
Contents
Table of Contents Table of Illustrations Preface 1. Why Jews are more guilty than others An introductory essay, 1945-2016 Evelien Gans I. Post Liberation Antisemitism 2. 'The Jew' as a Dubious Victim Evelien Gans 3. 'The Meek Jew' - and Beyond Evelien Gans 4. Alte Kameraden. Right-wing Antisemitism and Holocaust Denial Remco Ensel, Evelien Gans & Willem Wagenaar 5. Jewish Reactions to Post Liberation Antisemitism Evelien Gans II. Israel and 'The Jew' 6. Philosemitism? Ambivalences regarding Israel Evelien Gans 7. Transnational Left-wing Protest and 'The Powerful Zionist' Remco Ensel 8. Israel: Growing Polarisation Evelien Gans 9. 'The activist Jew' Responds to Changing Dutch Perceptions of Israel Katie Digan 10. Turkish anti-Zionism in the Netherlands. From Leftist to Islamist Activism Annemarike Stremmelaar III. The Holocaust-ed Jew in Native Domains since the 1980s 11. 'The Jew' in Football: To Kick Around or to Embrace Evelien Gans 12. Pornographic Antisemitism, Shoah Fatigue and Freedom of Speech Evelien Gans 13. Historikerstreit. The Stereotypical Jew in Recent Dutch Holocaust Studies Remco Ensel & Evelien Gans IV. Generations. Migrant Identites and Antisemitism in the Twenty-first Century 14. 'The Jew' vs. 'The Young Male Moroccan': Stereotypical Confrontations in the City Remco Ensel 15. Conspi-Racism: Islamic Redemptive Antisemitism and the Murder of Theo van Gogh Remco Ensel 16. Reading Anne Frank. Confronting Antisemitism in Turkish and Muslim Communities Annemarike Stremmelaar 17. Holocaust Commemorations in Post-colonial Dutch Society Remco Ensel 18. Epilogue: Instrumentalising and Blaming 'the Jew', 2011-2016 Evelien Gans References Index
