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Full Description
The last century of scholarship on the Old Testament citations in the Gospel of John has concentrated almost exclusively upon source-critical or redaction-critical issues with the aim of determining the Christological import of the citations. The current book brings a narrative-rhetorical methodology to bear upon the seven explicit Scriptural citations in the Gospel's 'Book of Signs' (1:19-12:50) that are prefaced by a distinct introductory formula (1:19-12:15). These citations are each addressed to, or imply, a particular textual audience, namely, 'the Jews'. This book argues that as such the citations do not merely have Christological significance but function at the narrative level to encourage an ideal reader to construct a particularly negative characterization of 'the Jews'.
Contents
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Old Testament Allusions in the Gospel of John: Themes and Motifs
Old Testament Figures in John's Gospel
Implicit Reference
Explicit Old Testament Citations in the Gospel of John
Trajectory I: John's Method of Scriptural Interpretation
Trajectory II: John's Sources for Scriptural Citation
Evaluation of Previous Trajectories
The Function of the Old Testament Citations in John's Gospel
Andreas Obermann: The Theological-Rhetorical Function of Scripture
Jaime Clark-Soles: The Social Function of Scripture
Excursus: Anti-Judaism in the Gospel of John
The Place of This Study
Main Argument
Outline of Book
CHAPTER TWO: LITERARY CRITICAL APPROACHES TO THE JEWS IN JOHN'S GOSPEL
Modern Rhetorical Criticism in Literary Theory
The Implied Constituents of Narrative: Authors and Readers
Narrator and Narratee
The Ideal Reader
Application to the Gospel of John
Reinhartz's 'Ethical Reading' of the Jews in John's Gospel
Summary
Literary Theories of Characterization
'Round' Characters or 'Flat' Characters? The 'Ancient'/'Modern' Dichotomy
Characterization or Character Reconstruction? The Return of the Reader
Modern Approaches to Character Reconstruction: Chatman
Modern Approaches to Character Reconstruction: Ewen/Rimmon-Kenan
Application of the Methods to John's Gospel
Aristotelian Approaches to Characterization in John's Gospel: Craig Koester
Aristotelian Approaches to Characterization in John's Gospel: R. Alan Culpepper
Cornelis' Bennema's Critique
Modern Approaches to Characterisation in John's Gospel: F. D. Tolmie's Character Analysis of the Jews in John's
Gospel
Intertextuality and the Old Testament Citations in John's Gospel
Justifying a Maximal Approach to the Citations
Ideological Characterization of 'the Jews' in John: Monologism and the Reduction of Subjectivity
Application of Methods
CHAPTER THREE: THE OLD TESTAMENT CITATIONS AND THE JEWS PART I: THE BEGINNING OF JESUS' PUBLIC MINISTRY (1:12; 2:17)
Identifying Old Testament Allusions in the Gospel of John
John 1:23: The Voice of One Crying in the Wilderness (Isaiah 40:3)
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Context of Isaiah 40:3 for an Understanding of John 1:23
The Response and Characterization of the Emissaries of the Jews
Conclusion
John 2:17: Zeal for Your House (Psalm 69:9)
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Context of Psalm 69:9 for an Understanding of John 2:17
The Response and Characterization of the Jews
Conclusion
CHAPTER FOUR: THE OLD TESTAMENT CITATIONS AND THE JEWS - PART ii JESUS AMONG THE FEAST OF THE JEWS (6:31, 45; 7:37-39; 10:34)
John 6:31b: Bread from Heaven to Eat (Ps 78:24 LXX/ Exod 16:4)
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Contexts of Ps 78:24 LXX and Exod 16:4 for an Understanding of John 6:31b
Ps 77:24 LXX
Exod 16:4
Excursus: Wisdom 16:20
The Response and Characterisation of the Jews
Conclusion
John 6:45a: They Shall All Be Taught by God (Isaiah 54:13)
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Context of Isaiah 54:13 for an Understanding of John 6:45a
The Response and Characterization of the Jews
Conclusion
John 7:37-39: From His Heart Shall Flow Streams of Living Water (Ps 78:15-16 LXX/Ezek 47:1-2)
Preliminary Considerations
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Contexts of Ps 78:15-16 LXX and Ezek 47:1-2 for an Understanding of John 7:37-39
Punctuation and Referent of authou
Source and Contexts of the Citation
Psalm 77:15-16 LXX
Ezek 47:1-2
The Response and Characterisation of the Jews
Conclusion
John 10:34: I Said, 'You Are Gods' (Ps 82:6)
Outline of the Johannine Text
John 10:25-30
John 10:31-39
The Context of Psalm 81:6 LXX for an Understanding of John 10:34
The angels
Israel's Judges
Israel at Sinai
The Response and Characterisation of the Jews
Conclusion
Conclusion to Chapter
CHAPTER FIVE: THE OLD TESTAMENT CITATIONS AND THE JEWS - PART III: THE CLOSE OF JESUS' PUBLIC MINISTRY (John 12:13-14, 15)
'Do Not be Afraid, Daughter of Zion' (Zech 9:9/Zeph 3:9)
Outline of the Johannine Text
The Contexts of Zech 9:9 and Zeph 3:9 for an Understanding of John 12:14-15
The Response and Characterization of the Jews
Excursus: A Note on John 12:37-42
Chapter Six General Conclusions
Synthesis of Argument and Methodological Approach
Summary of Exegetical Findings
Significance of Exegetical Findings
Possibilities for Further Research
Bibliography
Index
