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Description
After a forty-year gap following the excavations of the 1950s (and even earlier), large archaeological campaigns have been carried out since the 1990s in a quarter (also known as "Spaziergarten", "insula VI"and "Open-Air Museum") of the former "civilian" Roman town of Carnuntum. These new excavations have produced a large quantity of coins.
Some of these findings have been published in the monumental volume Numismata Carnuntina - FMRÖ III.2 together with the rest of the coins found at Carnuntum in older collections.
The new excavations were carried out according to new methodologies, as nowadays it is a desideratum to create numismatic corpora that should gather as much information as possible about each coin, not only from a numismatic point of view but also from an archaeological one. The aim is to provide more details about both general and specific patterns of the Roman economy, society and history of a residential quarter in a Roman town.
Thus, the style of publication of coins - with a large scale of archaeological units (e.g. Roman streets, dwellings public edifices) and their stratigraphy - was chosen in this book in order to provide as much information as possible about each coin; in doing so we try to provide scholars with material and evidence that may help them to obtain a realistic picture of monetary circulation. Similarly, the coin as seen through an archaeological context may serve for a better understanding of the dating of archaeological phases, especially to illustrate when the coin may be useful within an archaeological context, as well as to highlight the pitfalls that one may come across if this artefact is misunderstood within the archaeological picture.
We hope that this book will be a useful tool for numismatists, archaeologists, historians and any reader interested in understanding Roman life through coinage.
IntroductionCarnuntum - the Reborn City of EmperorsNumismatic CommentsAbbreviations and BibliographyTechnical AbbreviationsPhoto creditsTablesTab. 1. North Street - Site finds by issuersTab. 2. North Street - Site finds by periodsTab. 3. South Street - Site finds by issuersTab. 4. South Street - Site finds by periodsTab. 5. West Street - Site finds by issuersTab. 6. West Street - Site finds by periodsTab. 7. Baths - Site finds by issuersTab. 8. Baths - Site finds by periodsTab. 9. "Valetudinarium?" - Site finds by issuersTab. 10. "Valetudinarium?" - Site finds by periodsTab. 11. Villa urbana - Site finds by issuersTab. 12. Villa urbana - Site finds by periodsTab. 13. House I - Site finds by issuersTab. 14. House I - Site finds by periodsTab. 15. House II - Site finds by issuersTab. 16. House II - Site finds by periodsTab. 17. House III - Site finds by issuersTab. 18. House III - Site finds by periodsTab. 19. House IV - Site finds by issuersTab. 20. House IV - Site finds by periodsTab. 21. House V - Site finds by issuersTab. 22. House V - Site finds by periodsTab. 23. Coin supply in the 4th century AD in the quarter of the "civilian" town of CarnuntumTab. 24. The quarter of the "civilian" town Carnuntum - Site finds by issuersTab. 25. The quarter of the "civilian" town Carnuntum - Site finds by periodsTab. 26. Coins by phasesGraphsFig. 1. Graph of the coins from North Street by issuersFig. 2. Graph of finds/period of the coins from North StreetFig. 3. Graph of the coins from South StreetFig. 4. Graph of finds/period of the coins from South StreetFig. 5. Graph of the coins from West StreetFig. 6. Graph of finds/period of the coins from West StreetFig. 7. Graph of the coins from bathsFig. 8. Graph of finds/period of reign of the coins from bathsFig. 9. Graph of the coins from "valetudinarium?"Fig. 10. Graph of finds/period of the coins from "valetudinarium?"Fig. 11. Graph of the coins from villa urbanaFig. 12. Graph of finds/period of the coins from villa urbanaFig. 13. Graph of the coins from House I (the hoard is not included)Fig. 14. Graph of finds/period of the coins from House I (the hoard is not included)Fig. 15. The hoard from House I - issuers and mintsFig. 16. Graph of the coins from House IIFig. 17. Graph of finds/period of the coins from House IIFig. 18. Graph of the coins from House IVFig. 19. Graph of finds/period of the coins from House IVFig. 20. Graph of the coins from House VFig. 21. Graph of finds/period of the coins from HouseFig. 22. Graph of the coins from the quarter of the "civilian" town CarnuntumFig. 23. Graph of finds/period of the coins from the quarter of the "civilian" town CarnuntumFig. 24. Graph of the 4th century AD coin supply within a quarter of the "civilian" town CarnuntumFig. 25. Graph of the coin denominations within the quarter of the "civilian" town Carnuntum (Republic to AD 238)Fig. 26. Graph of the coin denominations within the quarter of the "civilian" town Carnuntum (AD 238 to AD 284)Fig. 27. Graph of the coin denominations within the quarter of the "civilian" town Carnuntum (AD 284 to AD 435)Fig. 28. Pie-chart of 4th century AD mint distribution within a quarter of the "civilian" town CarnuntumFig. 29. Graph of the 4th century AD coin supply within a quarter of the "civilian" town CarnuntumFig. 30. Coins by phases: House IFig. 31. Coins by phases: House IIFig. 32. Coins by phases: House IIIMapsMap 1. The Roman Empire pointing out the location of CarnuntumMap 2. The virtual CarnuntumMap 3. The plan of the "civilian" town CarnuntumMap 4. The plan of the quarter under study of the "civilian" town CarnuntumMap 5. A detailed plan of the rooms within the edifices of the quarter under studyMap 6. The quarter of the "civilian" town of Carnuntum, nowadaysMap 7. House IMap 8. The spot of hoard from the House IMap 9. House IIMap 10. The profile through room D of the House II pointing the coin offeringMap 11. The Me
