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It has been a decade since people across the Arab world rose up in revolt against their governments in 2010/11, demanding political empowerment, social reform and economic improvement. Pro-democracy protests, as they were called in common parlance, which spread rapidly through the mobilisation of social media calls, ended up overthrowing long-standing authoritarian regimes in Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen and Libya.
That gave rise to hope for a more representative future, as well as economic reforms, after decades of mismanagement and stagnation. However, such hopes were quickly dispelled, as the political vacuum created by the elimination of regional dictatorships deepened fractures in many of these societies along ethnic, religious and tribal fault lines.
As Islamists and secularists jockeyed for power, Egypt's brief alliance with democracy was halted by a neo militarist, counter-revolutionary takeover. Tunisia is a notable exception, where both factions in political society have resolved to settle their differences through dialogue and set the tone for democratic politics, while the country is struggling with economic growth and transformation.
Very little if anything, has changed in Yemen, Libya and Syria, where long-drawn and bloody civil wars are raging. The monarchies of the Gulf have not been untouched, but remain markedly unchanged
Contents
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Introduction: A Decade After the Arab Spring: Continuity and Change
Sujata Ashwarya and Mujib Alam
1 Uprisings in the Arab World: Movements and Transformative Politics
A.K. Ramakrishnan
2 State-Building in Post-Arab Spring Countries: Comparing the 'Yemeni Model' and the 'Tunisian Model'
Chuchu Zhang
3 The Arab Spring and After: Power Competition in the Middle East and Prospects for Reform
Talmiz Ahmad
4 Economic Roots of the Arab Uprisings in the Mediterranean
Mandana Tishehyar
5 Egypt's Changing Strategic Landscape and Leverage
Gawdat Bahgat
6 Major Dilemmas Faced by the Egyptian and Tunisian Islamists in the Context of the Arab Spring
Konrad Pedziwiatr
7 Uprisings and the Muslim Brotherhood's Negotiation of the 'Civil State' in Egypt
Ismail Yaylaci
8 The 'Spring' in Lebanon: Demands for Reform and Ending Corruption
Joseph Alagha
9 Involvement of External Powers in Syrian Conflict Theatre
Lakshmi Priya
10 The 'New Geopolitics' of Turkey-Iran Relations: Arab Protests and Regional Transformation
Deepika Saraswat
11 The 'Spring' in Iraq: Domestic and External Contestations
Meena Singh Roy
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