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Mühlhausen in Thuringia - Muhlhouse en Thuringe - Mühlhausen en Turingia - Mühlhausen en Turingia - von Harald Rockstuhl - Taschenbuch, 48 S., 240 farb. Fotos - 15 x 21 cm-The town of Mühlhausen in Thuringia owes its name from Carolingian times to a few "houses near a water mill." As early as 967, when Mühlhausen was mentioned in a document for the first time, it was referred to as an Ottonian palatine residence. Thanks to conditions favourable to development, the settlement grew into one of the most important towns in Central Germany and gained the status of an imperial city.The 12 churches and chapels still existing, the town hall with its first documented mention in 1310, the internal town wall, which has been largely preserved in its original state and features a defensive passageway walkable on a 300-m long stretch, as well as lanes, squares and burgher houses testify to Mühlhausen's mediaeval heydays. Forming part of the town wall, the imposing Raven Tower affords a view over the red roofs of the town all the way to the hills of the Hainich Range and the Eichsfeld Region.It is not only buildings that reflect nine centuries of municipal history, but also the oldest existing municipal law records in the German language, legal instruments and other documents, all of them on display in the Archives of the Free Imperial City established in 1615.Through the action of radical reformer Thomas Müntzer, Mühlhausen became the centre of the Thuringian uprising during the years of early Reformation and the German Peasants' Revolt in 1525. The German Peasants' Revolt Museum housed in Barfüsserkirche (Discalced Friars' Church) and a Müntzer exhibition on show in five-aisled Marienkirche (Saint Mary's Church), Thomas Müntzer's parish church, are devoted to this theme.Being a place where protestant church music is performed and cultivated, Divi Blasii (Blaise the Divine Church), the old town's Early Gothic main church, boasting an organ built to Johann Sebastian Bach's ideas, keeps alive the memory of the most famous organist it has ever had (1707 and 1708) in its history.In 1802, the Napoleonic era put an end to Mühlhausen's Free Imperial City privileges. After a brief intermezzo as part of the Kingdom of Westphalia, Mühlhausen became a Prussian district seat. Today, it is the seat of Unstrut-Hainich District in the State of Thuringia.The residents of Mühlhausen are fully aware of their rich history, which includes folklore festivals with a long-established tradition. The Well Festival and the Ride to the Forest pay tribute to the water and the woods as the basis of human life. When Germany's biggest urban kirmess fair is celebrated during the last weekend in August, every Mühlhäuser from near and far is out and about to take part in this event.---Muhlhouse en Thuringe doit son nom de quelques maisons près d'un moulin au temps des Carolingiens. La première mention légale en l'An 967 nomme déjà Muhlhouse comme palatinat ottonien. Des conditions de développement favorables permirent à la ville de devenir une des plus importantes villes du centre de l'Allemagne et ville impériale. Le souvenir de cet épanouissement moyenâgeux est conservé par les 12 églises et chapelles restantes, l'Hôtel de Ville mentionné pour la première fois en 1310, les remparts intérieurs en grande partie conservés avec le chemin de ronde accessible sur plus de 300 mètres ainsi que les ruelles, places et maisons bourgeoises. De l'imposante tour aux corbeaux des remparts, la vue s'ouvre sur les toits rouges de la ville jusque sur les hauteurs du Hainich et du Eichsfeld. Pas seulement les constructions mais aussi l'enregistrement en langue allemande du droit urbain, les actes et autres documents reflètent neuf siècles d 'histoire de la ville, en visitant les archives de ville impériale fondées en 1615. Dans les années antérieures à la Réformation et de la révolte des paysans en 1525, Muhlhouse a été, sous l'influence du réformateur radical Thomas Müntzer, le
