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Full Description
Although the Caliphate was formally abolished ninety years ago, it had already ceased to exist as a unitary and effectively administered political institution many centuries earlier. The ever widening gap between political ideal and historical reality is also reflected in the varying conceptualizations and theories of the Caliphate developed by Islamic religious scholars and Muslim intellectuals past and present. However, recent events in the Islamic world show that the idea of a Caliphate still appeals to Muslims of varying persuasions. This three-volume reference work tracks the history of the Caliphate as what many Muslims believe to be a genuine and authentic Islamic political institution: From its emergence in seventh-century Arabia until highly contested and controversial attempts of its revival at the beginning of the twenty-first century by radical Islamists in Afghanistan and Iraq. No matter how grandiose such interpretations of a seemingly archaic institution may be, they show the Caliphate's longevity as a rallying point - real or symbolic - for Muslims across the world. Volume I: Origins and Formation Volume II: Challenges and Fragmentation Volume III: Modern Interpretations
Contents
VOLUME I: ORIGINS AND FORMATION
Introduction: Origins and Formation
Carool Kersten
BACKGROUND
1. The Term "Khalifa" in the Early Exegetical Literature
Wadād al-Qādī
2. Political Ideas in Early Islamic Religious Thought
Josef van Ess
3. The Formation of the Islamic State
Fred M. Donner
4. The Separation of State and Religion in the Development of Early Islamic Society
Ira M. Lapidus
5. Frontiers and the State in Early Islamic History: Jihād Between Caliphs and Volunteers
Robert Haug
THE RIGHTLY-GUIDED CALIPHS (632-661CE)
6. Legal Authority of the Sunnah: Practice of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and Views of the Early Fuqahā'
Muhammad Yusuf Faruqi
7. Muhammad's Authority and Leadership Reestablished: The Prophet and ˊUmar ibn al-Khat.t.āb
Avraham Hakim
8. The Murder of the Caliph ˊUthmân
Martin Hinds
THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE (661-750CE)
9. Some Accounts of Women Delegates to Caliph Muˊāwiya: Political Significance
Maya Yazigi
10. Was ˊUmar II "a True Umayyad"?
Hasan Qasim Murad
11. Reinterpreting al-Walīd bin Yazīd
Steven Judd
12. The Redemption of Umayyad Memory by the ʿAbbasids
Tayeb El-Hibri
THE EARLY ABBASID CALIPHATE (8-9TH CENTURIES)
13. The Tribal Factor in the ˊAbbāsid Revolution: The Betrayal of the Imam Ibrāhīm bin Muh. ammad
Khalid Yahya Blankinship
14. The Caliph, the ˊUlāmā', and the Law: Defining the Role and the Function of the Caliph in the Early ʿAbbāsid Caliphate
Muhammad Qasim Zaman
15. A Reexamination of three Current Explanations of al-Ma'mun's Introduction of the Mih. na
John A. Nawas
16. All in the Family? Al-Muˊtas.im's Succession to the Caliphate as to the Lifelong Feud between al-Ma'mūn and his ˊAbbāsid Family
John A. Nawas
VOLUME II: CHALLENGES AND FRAGMENTATION
Introduction: Challenges and Fragmentation
Carool Kersten
CALIPHATES AND COUNTER-CALIPHATES (9TH-11TH CENTURIES)
1. Religious Policies of the Caliphs from al-Mutawakkil to al-Muqtadir, AH 232/295/ AD 847-908
Christopher Melchert
2. The Command of the Faithful in Al-Andalus: A Study in the Articulation of Caliphal Legitimacy
Janine Safran
3. The Initial Destination of the Fatimid Caliphate: The Yemen or the Maghrib?
Shainool Jiwa
4. The Fāt. imids and Egypt 301-358/914-969
Yaacov Lev
5. The Realm of the Imām: The Fatīmids in the Tenth Century
Michael Brett
6. An Early Fāt. imid Political Document
Wadād al-Qād. ī
7. The Ismaili Daʿwa in the Reign of the Fatimid Caliph Al-H. ākim
Paul E. Walker
ARAB CALIPHS AND TURKISH SULTANS (13TH-17TH CENTURIES)
8. The Story of the Death of the Last Abbasid Caliph, from the Vatican MS of Ibn-al-Furāt
G. Le Strange
9. Studies on the Transfer of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate from Bag˙ dād to Cairo
David Ayalon
10. Some Observations on the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate of Cairo
P. M. Holt
11. Lut. fī Paşa on the Ottoman Caliphate
Hamilton A. R. Gibb
12. The Idea of the Caliphate between Moroccans and Ottomans: Political and Symbolic Stakes in the 16th and 17th Century-Maghrib
Abderrahmane El Moudden
13. The Man Who Would be Caliph: A Sixteenth-Century Sultan's Bid for An African Empire
Stephen Cory
BETWEEN HISTORICAL REALITY AND POLITICAL IDEAL: CALIPHS AND ULAMA
14. Caliphs, Jurists and the Saljūqs in the Political Thought of Juwaynī
Wael B. Hallaq
15. Islamic Orthodoxy or Realpolitik? Al-Ghazālī's Views on Government
Carole Hillenbrand
16. The Legal Policies of the Almohad Caliphs and Ibn Rushd's Bidāyat al-Mujtahid
Maribel Fierro
17. An Eighteenth-Century Theory of the Caliphate
Aziz Ahmad
VOLUME III: MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY INTERPRETATIONS
Introduction: Modern and Contemporary Interpretations
Carool Kersten
OTTOMAN CALIPHATE OR ARAB CALIPHATE?
1. Opposition to the Ottoman Caliphate in the Early Years of Abdülhamid II: 1877-1882
Ş. Tufan Buzpinar
2. The Pan-Islamic Appeal: Afghani and Abdülhamid II
Nikki R. Keddie
3. "Taking Back" the Caliphate: Sharīf H. usaynIbn Alī, Mustafa Kemal and the Ottoman Caliphate
Joshua Teitelbaum
4. Egypt and the Caliphate 1915-1946
Elie Kedourie
CALIPHATE OR NO CALIPHATE?
5. The Indian Khilāfat Movement (1918-1924)
M. Naeem Qureshi
6. The Destruction of the Ottoman Caliphate
Facsimile from: Advocate of Peace Through Justice(April 1924)
7. Muslims of the Dutch East Indies and the Caliphate Question
Martin van Bruinessen
8. Arab Religious Nationalism in the Colonial Era: Rereading Rashīd Rid. ā's Ideas on the Caliphate
Mahmoud Haddad
9. The Central Argument (from: A Religion Not a State: Ali ˊAbd al-Raziq's Islamic Justification of Political Secularism)
Souad T. Ali
PAN-ISLAMISM REDUX
10. Pan-Islamic Tendencies and the General Muslim Congress of 1931
Uri M. Kupferschmidt
11. Taqī al-Dīn al-Nabhānī and the Islamic Liberation Party
David Commins
12. Hizbut Tahrir: Islam's Ideological Vanguard
Noman Hanif
THE CALIPHATE TODAY
13. The Caliphate
Vernie Liebl
14. Legal Evaluation of the Proclamation of the Caliphate
Shaykh Abu al-Mundhir al-Shinqiti
(translated from the Arabic by Carool Kersten)
15. Khilafa as the Viceregency of Humankind: Religion and State in the Thought of Nurcholish Madjid
Carool Kersten
