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Description
Research projects are often considered under the aspect of concrete applicability only. However, history teaches us that since antiquity fundamental new findings have often been playfully (»ludic«) developed from the curiosity inherent to human beings.This book tells the story of inventions out of games a priori without the intention of producing something useful. A vase rubbing against the skin became the first electric capacitor, which was later used in a much smaller form in trillions of smartphones. A skillfully bent wire resulted in a patent for the first paper clip. An unsuccessful substitute for car-tire-rubber became the first marketed chewing gum ... Research projects are often considered under the aspect of concrete applicability only. However, history teaches us that since antiquity fundamental new findings have often been playfully ("ludic") developed from the curiosity inherent to human beings.This book tells the story of inventions out of games a priori without the intention of producing something useful. A vase rubbing against the skin became the first electric capacitor, which was later used in a much smaller form in trillions of smartphones. A skillfully bent wire resulted in a patent for the first paper clip. An unsuccessful substitute for car-tire-rubber became the first marketed chewing gum ...This book is also available in German. Foreword 6The Leiden Bottle 7Mendel's Rules of Inheritance 8Phosphorus 9The Seebeck Effect 10The Pacemaker 11The Biro 12The Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction 13The Positron 14The History of nuclear Fission 15The Dream of an Arabian Prince 16The Vacuum 18Alfred Wegener's Game 19The Voltaic Column 20Chewing Gum 21Ayahuasca: playing for Psychotherapy 22Umami: The fifth Flavour 25Viagra 26The Paper Clip 26Topology and Number Theory 27Cicadas love prime Numbers 29If even the unpredictability cannot be predicted 30An Hourglass that doesn't need to be turned over 31The Microwave Oven 32Fleming's long Road to the Use of Penicillin 33Electromagnetism 34Radioactivity 35Astrophysics and elementary Particle Physics 36Chemical Elements 37The Steam Engine 42Fireworks 42The Bubble Chamber 43Shell and Snail Patterns 44Cellulose Nitrate 46The Ig Nobel Prize 47Bibliography 48Image Authors 52Index 54About the Author 56 Mario Markus was born in Chile in 1944 as the son of German-Jewish refugees. He studied physics in Heidelberg, where he also obtained his doctorate in 1973. He then worked as a research group leader at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology in Dortmund and as a professor at the university there. He has written numerous publications in international journals on self-organization in physical, biological and chemical systems and has written books on the fusion of science and art. Further information is available at www.mariomarkus.com.
