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Full Description
In the past 12-15 years an essentially new trend in electrochemistry has sprung up around the problem of solar energy conversion. Strictly speaking, this is not a purely electrochemical but an interdisciplinary field involving the fields of cataly sis, corrosion, chemistry of disperse systems, and others. Nevertheless, electro chemistry, to be more exact, photoelectrochemistry of semiconductors, provides a theoretical basis for new methods of converting light energy into electrical or chemical energy, which, we hope, shall find practical application in the not so dis tant future. In the past years, this field has been discussed amply and at length in special monographs (e. g. , in Ref. [l]). Therefore, in this book the photoelectro chemistry of semiconductors is presented in a concise form (exceptions are only specific problems which have been elucidated incorrectly or have not been covered completely in the literature). In this compact monograph we have aban doned the principle of "self-seclusion": for a more deep insight into the funda mentals of electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and physics of semiconduc tors the reader shall have to refer to the below-cited manuals, while information on the physicochemical properties of particular semiconductor electrodes can be taken, e. g. , from Refs. [2, 3].
Contents
1 Role of Solar Energy in the National Economy.- 2 Photoelectrochemistry as the Theoretical Basis of a Solar Energy Conversion Method.- 3 Stages of a Photoelectrochemical Process.- 4 Advantages of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Cells for Solar Energy Conversion.- 1 Fundamentals of Describing the Structure of the Semiconductor/Electrolyte Interface and its Photoelectrochemical Reactions.- 1.1 Aspects of the Physics of Semiconductors.- 1.2 Action of Light on Semiconductors.- 1.3 Energy and Electrochemical Potential Levels in the Electrolyte Solution.- 1.4 Structure of the Semiconductor/Electrolyte Solution Interface.- 1.5 Kinetics of Electrochemical Reactions on Semiconductor Electrodes.- 2 Processes Underlying the Action of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Cells.- 2.1 Fundamentals of Describing Photoelectrochemical Reactions on Semiconductor Electrodes.- 2.2 Photocorrosion and Protection of Semiconductor Electrodes.- 2.3 Types of Photoelectrochemical Reactions and Classification of Photoelectrochemical Cells.- 2.4 Characteristics of a Photoelectrochemical Cell.- 3 Solar Energy Conversion into Chemical Energy. Cells for Photoelectrolysis of Water.- 3.1 Basic Problems.- 3.2 Photoassisted Electrolysis of Water.- 3.3 Two-Quantum Photoelectrolysis of Water.- 3.4 Two-Stage Conversion of Solar Energy: Generation of Electrical Energy Followed by Electrolysis of Water.- 3.5 Oxide Photoanodes for Photoelectrolysis of Water.- 4 Solar Energy Conversion into Chemical Energy. Cells for Photoelectrolysis of Inorganic (other than Water) and Organic Substances.- 4.1 Photodecomposition of Hydrogen Halide Acids and other Inorganic Compounds.- 4.2 Photoelectrochemical Reactions of Organic Compounds.- 4.3 Photoelectrodes Made of Semiconductors with a Layered Crystal Lattice: Photointercalation and Photodeintercalation Processes.- 5 Solar Energy Conversion into Chemical Energy. Suspensions and Colloidal Systems.- 5.1 Mechanisms of Photoelectrochemical Processes in Microheterogeneous Systems.- 5.2 Microheterogeneous Systems: Fundamentals of their Preparation and Study Methods. Special Effects.- 5.3 Photosplitting of Water.- 5.4 Photodecomposition of H2S and Sulfides. Other Reactions Involving the Participation of Inorganic and Organic Compounds.- 6 Solar Energy Conversion into Electrical Energy. Regenerative Photoelectrochemical Cells.- 6.1 Basic Problems.- 6.2 Description of Particular Systems.- 6.3 Liquid-Junction Solar Cells for Storage of Energy.- 7 Protective Coatings for Semiconductor Electrodes.- 7.1 Coatings of Metals and Degenerated Semiconductors.- 7.2 Coatings of Electrically Conductive Polymers.- 7.3 Electrodes with Chemically Modified Surface.- Conclusion.- References.
