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Motivation The other day I was waiting at the station for my train. Next to me a young lady was nonchalantly leaning against the wall. Suddenly, she took a cigarette pack out of her handbag, pulled out the last cigarette, put it between her lips, crushed the empty pack, threw it on the ground and hedonistically lit the cigarette. I thought to myself, "What a behavior?!". The nearest trashcan was just five meters away. So I bent down, took the crushed pack and gave it back to her, saying that she had lost it. She looked at me in a rather deranged way, but she said nothing and of waste to the trashcan. brought the piece Often people are not aware of the waste they produce. They get rid of it and that's it. As soon as the charming lady dropped the cigarette pack, the problem was solved for her. The pack was on the ground and it suddenly no longer belonged to her. It is taken for granted that somebody else will do the cleaning up. There is a saying that nature does not produce waste. For long as humans obtained the goods they needed from the ground where they lived, the waste that was produced could be handled by nature. This has drastically changed due to urbanization and waste produced by human activities has become a severe burden.
Contents
1 Introduction.- 1.1 The Problem with Waste.- 1.2 History of Waste Management.- 1.3 Directing Material Flows.- 1.4 Conclusions.- References.- 2 Waste Disposal: What are the Impacts?.- 2.1 The Diversity of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW).- 2.2 Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills.- 2.3 MSW Management and Technology in China.- References.- 3 Recycling, Thermal Treatment and Recovery.- 3.1 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: The Zero Waste Approach.- 3.2 Mechanical Sorting Processes and Material Recycling.- 3.3 Conventional Thermal Treatment Methods.- 3.4 Emissions from Incinerator Ash Landfills.- 3.5 Secondary Raw Materials from Waste.- 4 Biological and Bio-Mechanical Processes.- 4.1 Mechanical-Biological Treatment of Waste (MBP).- 4.2 Composting and Anaerobic Digestion.- 4.3 Active Landfill Control and Stabilization of MSW.- 4.4 Biotechnology for the Treatment of Inorganic Wastes.- 5 Advanced Thermal Treatment Processes.- 5.1 Energy Recovery from Waste.- 5.2 Optimizing Incineration for Heavy Metal Recovery.- 5.3 High-Temperature Melting of Municipal Solid Waste.- 5.4 The Characteristics, Behavior and Durability of High Temperature Materials.- 5.5 Separate Treatment of Hazardous MSW Components.- 6 Ecology: Which Technologies Perform Best?.- 6.1 Assessment Tools for Waste Treatment Systems.- 6.2 An Introduction to Life-Cycle Assessment.- 6.3 Case Study: An LCA of Waste Treatment Processes.- 6.4 Long-Term versus Short-Term Impacts.- 6.5 Conclusions.- References.- 7 Assessing and Improving Social Compatibility.- 7.1 An Introduction to "Social Compatibility".- 7.2 The Tool "Social Compatibility Analysis SCA".- 7.3 Instruments for Improving Social Compatibility.- 7.4 Siting Waste Facilities: Case Studies.- 7.5 Conclusions.- References.- 8 Towards Sustainable WasteManagement.- 8.1 Sustainability of Waste Management and Treatment.- 8.2 Scenarios for a Future Waste Management and Treatment.- 8.3 Case studies.- 8.4 Recommendations for Development Towards Sustainability.- 8.5 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 9 Concluding Remarks.
