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基本説明
This book is written for those seeking a decision theory appropriate for use in serious choices such as insurance.
Full Description
The joint work of Robin Pope, Johannes Leitner and Ulrike Leopold- Wildburger presented in this little book makes a strong point for a new approach to decision making under risk. It emphasizes aspects of risk preferences largely neglected in the theoretical and experimental lite- ture. Before the outcome of a risky decision is known a decision maker may feel worries or thrills about what will happen at the end. It is c- vincingly argued that the anticipation of such "secondary satisfactions" is, and should be, an important in?uence on the decision. The questi- naire data and the experiments support this view. The answers of participants in the questionnaires about the reasons for their decision are an important basis for the evaluation of the - periment. The evaluation of these questionnaires has led to impressive ?ndings. Like other commonly used research techniques, the analysis of introspective information in questionnaires is not absolutely reliable. Nevertheless it is an extremely valuable source of insight into moti- tional forces, insu?ciently exploited in economics. It is not my task to give a preview of the book, but I would like to encourage the reader to discover the remarkable results of an unusual theoretical and experimental approach to decision making under risk. K¨ onigswinter, Germany, August 2006 Reinhard Selten Preface In this book we break new ground on why and how people decide on - surancecontracts,ando?erafewinsightsonhowthecontextofterrorism may a?ect such demand. Our ?ndings are suggestive also for decisions under risk in other situations.
Contents
Theory and Methodology.- A Serious Specific Scenario for a Serious Risky Choice Theory.- What Expected Utility Theory Really Is: What Its Notion of Risk Aversion Excludes.- Primary and Secondary Satisfactions.- The von Neumann-Morgenstern Contradiction When Including Secondary Satisfactions Solved with Stages of Knowledge.- Material Secondary Satisfactions and Planning.- Misconceptions About Secondary Satisfactions.- Biases in Experimental Set-ups That Ignore Secondary Satisfactions.- SKAT, The Stages of Knowledge Ahead Theory.- Self Reports Versus Scientists' Own Introspection and Related Reliability Issues.- Experiments.- Participants and Their Choices.- Willingness to Pay Compared with Choices in a Dictated Choice Set.- The Role of Secondary Satisfactions.- Algorithms Versus Global Maximising Procedures.- Insurance Provision by Governments and Firms.- Summary and Directions for Further Research.
