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基本説明
This easy accessible textbook provides an overview of solar to electric energy conversion, followed by a detailed look at one aspect, namely photovoltaics including the underlying principles and fabrication methods.
Full Description
This easy accessible textbook provides an overview of solar to electric energy conversion, followed by a detailed look at one aspect, namely photovoltaics, including the underlying principles and fabrication methods. Professor Wolf, an experienced author and teacher, reviews such green technologies as solar-heated-steam power, hydrogen, and "artificial leaf" approaches, as well as nuclear fusion. Throughout the book, carefully chosen, up-to-date examples are used to illustrate important concepts and research tools. The opening chapters give a broad and exhaustive survey of long term energy resources, reviewing current and potential types of solar driven energy sources. The core part of the text on solar energy conversion discusses different concepts for generating electric power, followed by a profound presentation of the underlying semiconductor physics and rounded off by a look at efficiency and third-generation concepts. The concluding section offers a rough analysis of the economics relevant to the large-scale adoption of photovoltaic conversion with a discussion of such issues as durability, manufacturability and cost, as well as the importance of storage.The book is self-contained so as to be suitable for students with introductory calculus-based courses in physics, chemistry, or engineering. It introduces concepts in quantum mechanics, atomic and molecular physics, plus the solid state and semiconductor junction physics needed to attain a quantitative understanding of the current status of this field. With its comments on economic aspects, it is also a useful tool for those readers interested in a career in alternative energy.
Contents
Ch. 1 A Survey of Long Term Energy Resources 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Direct Solar Influx 1.3 Secondary Solar Driven Sources 1.4 Earth-based Long-term Energy Resources 1.5 Plan of This Book Ch. 2 Physics of Nuclear Fusion: the Source of All Solar-related Energy 2.1 Protons in the sun's core 2.2 Schrodinger's Equation for the motion of particles 2.3 Protons and Neutrons and Their Binding 2.4 Gamow's Tunneling Model applied to fusion in the sun's core 2.5 A Survey of Nuclear Properties Ch. 3 Atoms, Molecules and Semiconductor Devices 3.1 Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom 3.2 Charge Motion in Periodic Potentials 3.3 Energy Bands and Gaps 3.4 Atoms, Molecules and the Covalent Bond 3.5 Tetrahedral Bonding in Silicon and Related Semiconductors 3.6 Donor and Acceptor Impurities, charge concentrations 3.7 The pn junction, diode I-V characteristic, photovoltaic cell 3.8. Metals and Plasmas Ch. 4 Terrestrial Approaches to Fusion Energy 4.1 Deuterium Fusion Demonstration Based on Field Ionization 4.2 Deuterium Fusion Demonstration Based on Muonic Hydrogen 4.3 Deuterium Fusion Demonstration in Larger-Scale Plasma Reactors Ch. 5 Introduction to Solar Energy Conversion 5.1 Sun as an Energy Source, Spectrum on Earth 5.2 Heat Engines and Thermodynamics, Carnot Efficiency 5.3 Solar Thermal Electric Power 5.4 Generations of Photovoltaic Solar Cells 5.5 Utilizing Solar Power with Photovoltaics: the rooftops of New York 5.6 Utilizing Solar Power with Photovoltaics: the possibility of space-based solar power Ch. 6 Solar Cells Based on Single pn Junctions 6.1 Single Junction Cells 6.2 Single-crystal vs. Thin-film cells, Si vs. CdTe 6.3 CuInGaSe (CIGS) Thin Film Solar Cells 6.4 Thin Film CdTe Cells 6.5 Dye-sensitized Solar Cells 6.6 Polymer Organic Solar Cells Ch. 7 Multi-Junction and Energy Concentrating Solar Cells 7.1 Tandem Cells, Premium and Low Cost 7.2 Organic Molecules as Solar Concentrators 7.3 Spectral splitting cells 7.4. Summary and Comments on efficiency 7.5 A Niche Application of concentrating cells Ch. 8 Third Generation Concepts, Survey of Efficiency 8.1 Intermediate Band Cells 8.2 Impact Ionization and Carrier Multiplication 8.3 Ferromagnetic Materials for Solar Conversion 8.4 Efficiencies: Three Generations of Cells Ch. 9 Cells for Hydrogen Generation; Aspects of Hydrogen Storage 9.1 Efficient Photo-catalytic Dissociation of Water into Hydrogen and Oxygen 9.2 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Status 9.3 Storage and Transport of Hydrogen as a Potential Fuel 9.4 Surface Adsorption for Storing Hydrogen in High Density 9.5 Economics of Hydrogen at Present Ch. 10 Large Scale Fabrication, Learning Curves, Economics including Storage 10.1 Fabrication methods vary but have similar learning curves 10.2 Learning Strategies for Module Cost 10.3 Thin film cells, Nano-inks for Printing Solar Cells 10.4 Large-scale Scenario Based on Thin Film CdTe or CIGS Cells 10.5 Comparison of Solar Power vs. Wind Power 10.6 The Importance of Storage and Grid Management to Large Scale Utilization 10.7 Opportunities for higher efficiency in total energy use Ch. 11 Prospects for Solar and Renewable Power 11.1 Rapid Growth in Solar and Wind Power 11.2 Renewable Energy beyond Solar and Wind 11.3 The Legacy World, Developing Countries, and the Third World 11.4 Can Energy supply meet demand in the longer future? Exercises Useful Information Glossary Index
