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基本説明
This handbook and ready reference brings together all significant issues of practical importance for interested readers in one single volume.
Full Description
This handbook and ready reference brings together all significant issues of practical importance in selected topics discussing recent significant achievements for interested readers in one single volume. While covering homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, the text is unique in focusing on such important aspects as using different reaction media, microwave techniques or catalyst recycling. It also provides a comprehensive treatment of key issues of modern-day coupling reactions having emerged and matured in recent years and emphasizes those topics that show potential for future development, such as continuous flow systems, water as a reaction medium, and catalyst immobilization, among others. With its inclusion of large-scale applications in the pharmaceutical industry, this will equally be of great interest to industrial chemists.
From the contents * Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions - A General Introduction * High-turnover Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts in Coupling Reactions: the Case of Pd Loaded on Dealuminated Y Zeolites Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions with Magnetically Separable Nanocatalysts * The Use of Ordered Porous Solids as Support Materials in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions * Coupling Reactions Induced by Polymer-Supported Catalysts * Coupling Reactions in Ionic Liquids * Cross-Coupling Reactions in Aqueous Media * Microwave-Assisted Synthesis in C-C and C-Heteroatom Coupling Reactions * Catalyst Recycling in Palladium-Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Coupling Reactions * Nature of the True Catalytic Species in Carbon-Carbon Coupling Reactions with * Heterogeneous Palladium Precatalysts * Coupling Reactions in Continuous Flow Systems * Large-Scale Applications of Palladium-Catalyzed Couplings in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Contents
PREFACE PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS - A GENERAL INTRODUCTION Introduction Carbon - Carbon Cross-Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Palladium The Catalysts Mechanistic Aspects Future Challenges HIGH-TURNOVER HETEROGENEOUS PALLADIUM CATALYSTS IN COUPLING REACTIONS: THE CASE OF PD LOADED ON DEALUMINATED Y ZEOLITES Introduction Various Methodologies to Afford High Turnover Numbers Over Supported Pd Catalysts Structure and Characteristics of Ultrastable Y Zeolites Suzuki - Miyaura Reactions Catalyzed by Pd/USY Catalytic Performance of Pd/USY in Mizoroki - Heck Reactions Conclusion and Perspective PALLADIUM-CATALYZED COUPLING REACTIONS WITH MAGNETICALLY SEPARABLE NANOCATALYSTS Introduction General Considerations Concerning Magnetic Particles as Catalyst Supports Palladium Nanoparticles on Magnetic Supports Molecular Palladium Complexes on Magnetic Supports Outlook THE USE OF ORDERED POROUS SOLIDS AS SUPPORT MATERIALS IN PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS Introduction Catalyst Synthesis and Characterization Carbon - Carbon Couplings Miscellaneous Coupling Reactions The Question of Solution-Phase Catalysis Summary and Future Prospects COUPLING REACTIONS INDUCED BY POLYMER-SUPPORTED CATALYSTS Introduction Polysaccharides Poly(ethylene glycol) Polystyrene Poly(norbornene) Polyacrylamide Polyaniline Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) Polypyrrole Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Ionic Polymers Organometallic Polymers Functionalized Porous Organic Polymers Miscellaneous Polymers Summary and Outlook COUPLING REACTIONS IN IONIC LIQUIDS Introduction Metal Complexes Metal Salts and Metal on Solid Support Metal Nanoparticles Summary and Outlook CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS MEDIA Introduction Cross-Coupling of Organic Halides to Form C--C Bonds in Aqueous Media Carbon - Heteroatom Coupling Reactions C--H Activation in Aqueous Media Conclusion and Future Prospects MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS IN C--C AND CARBON - HETEROATOM COUPLING REACTIONS Introduction C--C Bond Formation C--X Bond Formation Conclusions CATALYST RECYCLING IN PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CARBON - CARBON COUPLING REACTIONS Introduction General Issues of Catalyst Recycling Catalyst Systems Providing High, Consistent Yields in Recycling Catalysts Affording the Highest Cumulative TON Values in Recycling Studies Summary Evaluation Future Outlook NATURE OF THE TRUE CATALYTIC SPECIES IN CARBON - CARBON COUPLING REACTIONS WITH HETEROGENEOUS PALLADIUM PRECATALYSTS Introduction Heck Reactions Suzuki Reactions Sonogashira Reactions Concluding Remarks COUPLING REACTIONS IN CONTINUOUS-FLOW SYSTEMS Introduction Coupling Reactions in Flow Palladium Catalysts for Flow Systems Continuous-Flow Technologies for Cross-Coupling Summary and Outlook PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS - INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS Introduction Suzuki - Miyaura Reactions Heck - Mizoroki Reactions Sonogashira - Hagihara Reactions Carbonylations Cyanations Negishi Coupling Novel Pd-Catalyzed C--C Cross-Coupling Reaction Buchwald - Hartwig Aminations Pd-Catalyzed C--S Bond Formation Summary and Outlook
