基本説明
ゲノムに関する全トピックを概観します。遺伝性疾患や、遺伝子操作動植物、農業や食品に関するゲノム学、倫理的・社会的問題等、幅広い内容を紹介。
The first section introduces the domains of application for genomics and bioinformatics; then follows an overview of current topics central to DNA technologies, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics.
Full Description
In this unique presentation of a revolutionary field of science, the first section introduces the domains of application for genomics and bioinformatics, such as sequencing and the comparative sequence analysis of model organisms, investigating genetically influenced diseases, the development of new active substances, agri--food and environmental genomics. There then follows an overview of current topics central to DNA technologies, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics, including such hot topics as DNA chip fabrication, yeast two hybrid analysis, tools for gene expression studies, metabolic networks and systems biology. The whole is rounded off by four chapters on the ethical, legal and social aspects of this sensitive topic.
Contents
Volume. Part I Key Organisms. 1 Genome Projects on Model Organisms (Alfred Puhler, Doris Jording, Jorn Kalinowski, Detlev Buttgereit, Renate Renkawitz-Pohl, Lothar Altschmied, Antoin Danchin, Agnieszka Sekowska, Horst Feldmann, Hans-Peter Klenk, and Manfred Kroger). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Genome Projects of Selected Prokaryotic Model Organisms. 1.3 Genome Projects of Selected Eukaryotic Model Organisms. 1.4 Conclusions. 2 Environmental Genomics: A Novel Tool for Study of Uncultivated Microorganisms (Alexander H. Treusch and Christa Schleper). 2.1 Introduction: Why Novel Approaches to Study Microbial Genomes? 2.2 Environmental Genomics: The Methodology. 2.3 Where it First Started: Marine Environmental Genomics. 2.4 Environmental Genomics of Defined Communities: Biofilms and Microbial Mats. 2.5 Environmental Genomics for Studies of Soil Microorganisms. 2.6 Biotechnological Aspects. 2.7 Conclusions and Perspectives. 3 Applications of Genomics in Plant Biology (Richard Bourgault, Katherine G. Zulak, and Peter J. Facchini). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Plant Genomes. 3.3 Expressed Sequence Tags. 3.4 Gene Expression Profiling Using DNA Microarrays. 3.5 Proteomics. 3.6 Metabolomics. 3.7 Functional Genomics. 3.8 Concluding Remarks. 4 Human Genetic Diseases (Roger C. Green). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Genetic Influences on Human Health. 4.3 Genomics and Single-gene Defects. 4.4 Genomics and Polygenic Diseases. 4.5 The Genetic Basis of Cancer. 4.6 Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease. 4.7 Conclusions. Part II Genomic and Proteomic Technologies. 5 Genomic Mapping and Positional Cloning, with Emphasis on Plant Science (Apichart Vanavichit, Somvong Tragoonrung, and Theerayut Toojinda). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Genome Mapping. 5.3 Positional Cloning. 5.4 Comparative Mapping and Positional Cloning. 5.5 Genetic Mapping in the Post-genomics Era. 6 DNA Sequencing Technology (Lyle R. Middendorf, Patrick G. Humphrey, Narasimhachari Narayanan, and Stephen C. Roemer). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Overview of Sanger Dideoxy Sequencing. 6.3 Fluorescence Dye Chemistry. 6.4 Biochemistry of DNA Sequencing. 6.5 Fluorescence DNA Sequencing Instrumentation. 6.6 DNA Sequence Analysis. 6.7 DNA Sequencing Approaches to Achieving the $1000 Genome. 7 Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry for the Biological Researcher (Sheena Lambert and David C. Schriemer). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Defining the Sample for Proteomics. 7.3 New Developments - Clinical Proteomics. 7.4 Mass Spectrometry - The Essential Proteomic Technology. 7.5 Sample-driven Proteomics Processes. 7.6 Conclusions. 8 Proteome Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis (Md Abul Fazal, David Michels, James Kraly, and Norman J. Dovichi). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Capillary Electrophoresis. 8.3 Capillary Electrophoresis for Protein Analysis. 8.4 Single-cell Analysis. 8.5 Two-dimensional Separations. 8.6 Conclusions. 9 A DNA Microarray Fabrication Strategy for Research Laboratories (Daniel C. Tessier, Melanie Arbour, Francois Benoit, Herve Hogues, and Tracey Rigby). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 The Database. 9.3 High-throughput DNA Synthesis. 9.4 Amplicon Generation. 9.5 Microarraying. 9.6 Probing and Scanning Microarrays. 9.7 Conclusion. 10 Principles of Application of DNA Microarrays (Mayi Arcellana-Panlilio). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Definitions. 10.3 Types of Array. 10.4 Production of Arrays. 10.5 Interrogation of Arrays. 10.6 Data Analysis. 10.7 Documentation of Microarrays. 10.8 Applications of Microarrays in Cancer Research. 10.9 Conclusion. 11 Yeast Two-hybrid Technologies (Gregor Jansen, David Y. Thomas, and Stephanie Pollock). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 The Classical Yeast Two-hybrid System. 11.3 Variations of the Two-hybrid System. 11.4 Membrane Yeast Two-hybrid Systems. 11.5 Interpretation of Two-hybrid Results. 11.6 Conclusion. 12 Structural Genomics (Aalim M. Weljie, Hans J. Vogel, and Ernst M. Bergmann). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Protein Crystallography and Structural Genomics. 12.3 NMR and Structural Genomics. 12.4 Epilogue. Volume 2. Part III Bioinformatics. 13 Bioinformatics Tools for DNA Technology (Peter Rice). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Alignment Methods. 13.3 Sequence Comparison Methods. 13.4 Consensus Methods. 13.5 Simple Sequence Masking. 13.6 Unusual Sequence Composition. 13.7 Repeat Identification. 13.8 Detection of Patterns in Sequences. 13.9 Restriction Sites and Promoter Consensus Sequences. 13.10 The Future for EMBOSS. 14 Software Tools for Proteomics Technologies (David S. Wishart). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Protein Identification. 14.3 Protein Property Prediction. 15 Applied Bioinformatics for Drug Discovery and Development (Jian Chen, ShuJian Wu, and Daniel B. Davison). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Databases. 15.3 Bioinformatics in Drug-target Discovery. 15.4 Support of Compound Screening and Toxicogenomics. 15.5 Bioinformatics in Drug Development. 15.6 Conclusions. 16 Genome Data Representation Through Images: The MAGPIE/Bluejay System (Andrei Turinsky, Paul M. K. Gordon, Emily Xu, Julie Stromer, and Christoph W. Sensen). 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 The MAGPIE Graphical System. 16.3 The Hierarchical MAGPIE Display System. 16.4 Overview Images. 16.5 Coding Region Displays. 16.6 Coding Sequence Function Evidence. 16.7 Secondary Genome Context Images. 16.8 The Bluejay Data Visualization System. 16.9 Bluejay Architecture. 16.10 Bluejay Display and Data Exploration. 16.11 Bluejay Usability Features. 16.12 Conclusions and Open Issues. 17 Bioinformatics Tools for Gene-expression Studies (Greg Finak, Michael Hallett, Morag Park, and Francois Pepin). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Background Knowledge and Tools. 17.3 Preprocessing. 17.4 Class Comparison - Differential Expression. 17.5 Class Prediction. 17.6 Class Discovery. 17.7 Searching for Meaning. 18 Protein Interaction Databases (Gary D. Bader and Christopher W. V. Hogue). 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Scientific Foundations of Biomolecular Interaction Information. 18.3 The Graph Abstraction for Interaction Databases. 18.4 Why Contemplate Integration of Interaction Data? 18.5 A Requirement for More Detailed Abstractions. 18.6 An Interaction Database as a Framework for a Cellular CAD System. 18.7 BIND - The Biomolecular Interaction Network Database. 18.8 Other Molecular-interaction Databases. 18.9 Database Standards. 18.10 Answering Scientific Questions Using Interaction Databases. 18.11 Examples of Interaction Databases. 19 Bioinformatics Approaches for Metabolic Pathways (Ming Chen, Andreas Freier, and Ralf Hofestadt). 19.1 Introduction. 19.2 Formal Representation of Metabolic Pathways. 19.3 Database Systems and Integration. 19.4 Different Models and Aspects. 19.5 Simulation Tools. 19.6 Examples and Discussion. 20 Systems Biology (Nathan Goodman). 20.1 Introduction. 20.2 Data. 20.3 Basic Concepts. 20.4 Static Models. 20.5 Dynamic Models. 20.6 Summary. 20.7 Guide to the Literature. Part IV Ethical, Legal and Social Issues. 21 Ethical Aspects of Genome Research and Banking (Bartha Maria Knoppers and Clementine Sallee). 21.1 Introduction. 21.2 Types of Genetic Research. 21.3 Research Ethics. 21.4 "Genethics". 21.5 DNA Banking. 21.6 Ownership. 21.7 Conclusion. 22 Biobanks and the Challenges of Commercialization (Edna Einsiedel and Lorraine Sheremeta). 22.1 Introduction. 22.2 Background. 22.3 Population Genetic Research and Public Opinion. 22.4 The Commercialization of Biobank Resources. 22.5 Genetic Resources and Intellectual Property: What Benefits? For Whom? 22.6 Human Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing. 22.7 Commercialization and Responsible Governance of Biobanks. 22.8 Conclusion. 23 The (Im)perfect Human - His Own Creator? Bioethics and Genetics at the Beginning of Life (Gebhard Furst). 23.1 Life Sciences and the Untouchable Human Being. 23.2 Consequences from the Untouchability of Humans and Human Dignity for the Bioethical Discussion. 23.3 Conclusion. Part V Outlook. 24 The Future of Large-Scale Life Science Research (Christoph W. Sensen). 24.1 Introduction. 24.2 Evolution of the Hardware. 24.3 Genomic Data and Data Handling. 24.4 Next-generation Genome Research Laboratories. 24.5 Genome Projects of the Future. 24.6 Epilog. Subject Index.
