Soil in Criminal and Environmental Forensics : Proceedings of the Soil Forensics Special, 6th European Academy of Forensic Science Conference, the Hague (Soil Forensics)

Kars, Henk (EDT)/ van den Eijkel, Lida (EDT)

Springer International Publishing AG（2016/09発売）

• 製本 Hardcover:ハードカバー版／ページ数 346 p.
• 言語 ENG
• 商品コード 9783319331133

Full Description

This introductory volume to a new series on Soil Forensics gives a kaleidoscopic view of a developing forensic expertise.  Forensic practitioners and academic researchers demonstrate, by their joint contributions, the extent and complexity of soil forensics.  their reports exemplify the broad range of sciences and techniques applied in all stages of forensic soil examinations, from investigations at crime scenes to providing evidence that can be used in court proceedings.  Moreover the necessity is depicted of co-operation as a condition for any work in soil forensics between scientists of different disciplines, but no less between scientists and law enforcers.Soils play a role in environmental crimes and liability, as trace evidence in criminal investigations and, when searching for and evaluating, buried human remains.  This book shows soil forensics as practiced in this legal context, emerging and solidifying in many countries all over the world, differing in some respects because of differences in legal systems but ultimately sharing common grounds.

Contents

 Preface.- SECTION I: Criminal soil forensics.- Soil traces: forensic examinations and legal context.- Chapter 1: Forensic palynology: Checking value of pollen analysis as a tool to identify crime scene in semiarid environments.- Chapter 2: Forensic Palynology: How pollen in dry grass can link to a crime scene.- Chapter 3: Geological analysis of soil and anthropogenic material. Three case studies.- Chapter 4: Forensic Soil Analysis: case study of looting at a Roman-Visigothic burial vault.- Chapter 5: Soil comparisons using small soil traces, a case report.- Chapter 6: Forensic comparison of soil samples.- Chapter 7: Reinstating soil examination as a trace evidence sub-discipline.- Chapter 8: Methodology of Forensic Soil Examination in Russia and a View on the World Standardization Process.- SECTION II: Environmental soil forensics.- Forensic tools for spatial and chemical analysis.- Chapter 9: Geographical Information Systems - a working example in the Brazilian Federal Police for fighting environmental crime.- Chapter 10: Forensic characterization of gasoline releases impacting the environment.- Chapter 11: A general overview of pesticides in soil: Requirement of sensitive and current residue analysis methods.- SECTION III: Searches and burial sites.- A. Searches: co-operation, strategies and techniques.- Chapter 12: A study of pH as an influencing factor in the survival of human remains at sites investigated by the Independent Commission for the Location of Victims Remains.- Chapter 13: Interdisciplinary approaches to the search and location of buried bodies: a United Kingdom context.- Chapter 14: Forensic Geophysics: How the GPR technique can help with forensic investigations.- Chapter 15: Filter paper adsorption and ninhydrin reagent as presumptive test for gravesoil.- B. Decomposition and degradation processes.- Chapter 16: Changes in soil microbial activity following cadaver decomposition during spring and summer months in southern Ontario.- Chapter 17:Soil fauna and their effects on decomposition within coniferous and deciduous tree soil samples.- Chapter 18: Analysis of decomposition fluid collected from carcasses decomposing in the presence and absence of insects.- Chapter 19: Forensic analysis of volatile compounds from decomposed remains in a soil environment.- Chapter 20: GCxGC-TOFMS, the Swiss knife for VOC mixtures analysis in soil forensic investigations.- Chapter 21: An investigation of the degradation of polymeric grave goods in soil environments.