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Description
This open access book presents a selection of peer reviewed contributions from the conference held at the Accademia dei Lincei on October 17 18, 2023, marking the centenary of the founding of the Italian National Research Council (CNR). Bringing together leading scholars and researchers, the volume reflects on the historical development, achievements, and enduring impact of CNR initiatives across a broad spectrum of disciplines.
The contributions highlight how research programs promoted by the CNR have played a pivotal role in shaping both the natural sciences and the humanities in Italy. They document the evolution of major scientific and cultural projects, illustrating their integration into the country s intellectual and academic landscape and underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in addressing complex challenges.
The volume also captures forward looking perspectives presented during the conference, including the concluding Round Table on Future Directions of Research in Italy, opened by the Italian Minister of University and Research, Anna Maria Bernini. These discussions provide insight into emerging priorities, strategies, and opportunities for Italian research in a rapidly changing global context.
As an open access publication, this volume offers a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and historians of science interested in the institutional development of research, the interaction between science and society, and the future trajectory of scientific and humanistic inquiry.
Foreword by Massimo INGUSCIO e Luciano MAIANI.- Vito Volterra, history and vision, by Giorgio PARISI.- One thing leads to another: the CNR, the Lincei, and the research system, by Giovanni PAOLONI.- Birth of Laser Research in Italy, by Orazio SVELTO.- From the CNR to the birth of the National Ins@tute of Geophysics and Volcanology, a virtuous path, by Carlo DOGLIONI.- Archaeology, CNR, Orient: between history and future, by Paolo MATTHIAE.- The Development of Neurosciences, by Antonino CATTANEO.- Advances and delays in the development of the Social Sciences, by Alessandro CAVALLI.- Chemistry: Crucial Science for the Environment and Sustainability, by Sergio RIVA.- Climate change: The importance of the Poles, by Carlo BARBANTE.- The search for elementary particles. INFN and CERN, by Ugo AMALDI.- The CNR on the frontier of scientific computing, by Roberto NATALINI.- Economic sciences, by Alberto QUADRIOCURZIO.
Luciano Maiani, Emeritus Professor at Università di Roma La Sapienza, is the author or co-author of over 200 scientific publications, three books on Elementary Particle Theory (Francis &Taylor) and one on Multiquark Hadrons (Cambridge University Press). He, with S. L. Glashow and J. Iliopoulos, has predicted the existence of charmed particles as a crucial step toward the formulation of a unified theory of Electroweak Interactions. Charmed particles were discovered in 1976 with properties close to those anticipated in the original GIM paper. Socio of Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Fellow of the American Physical Society, Maiani works at present in the theory of the recently discovered Exotic Hadrons, described as compact multiquark states.
Massimo Inguscio is a renowned physicist and Emeritus Professor at University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, with a prolific career spanning the University of Naples and Florence. A laureate of numerous international awards, including the "Enrico Fermi" prize, he's directed the European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy and served as President of CNR and the Council of Italian Public Research Bodies. His extensive research covers atomic, molecular, and optical physics, quantum optics, spectroscopy, and interdisciplinary studies. With over 300 publications and 10 books, he's an ERC Advanced Grant recipient and a Fellow of prestigious scientific societies.
