Full Description
Brachial plexus injury (BPI) is one of the most functionally devastating injuries, as it causes substantial debilitation and long-term difficulties in daily activities. The burden for the patient and the caregiver may arise not only from neurological disability but also from psychosocial and socioeconomic factors.
This injury is more prevalent among young men aged 15 to 25 and is primarily caused by road accidents, especially those involving motorbikes. Other significant causes include obstetric injuries, severe trauma from falls, direct or blunt blows, penetrating injuries, forced traction, and compression injuries.
If a nerve has been divided by a sharp laceration, it can usually be repaired with a direct suture. If a nerve tract has been damaged, as is often the case when it has been subjected to severe traction injuries, repair will require a nerve graft.
Brachial plexus nerve grafts are typically required for lacerations to achieve a tension-free repair. While neurolysis, nerve repair, and nerve grafting have been employed to address stretching plexus injuries, nerve transfers utilize an undamaged nerve to provide motor input over a relatively short distance to reinnervate a denervated muscle. This approach has become the preferred and most extensively studied technique for nerve repair today, with numerous pathways aiming to enhance functional outcomes.
So far, no comprehensive effort has been made to categorize and classify the various nerve transfer techniques and procedures for BPI patients; this is the first book to accomplish that. Neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and hand surgeons must understand and select the most effective methods for treating their BPI patients.
Contents
Section 1 General Considerations. - Chapter 1. Introduction To Nerve Transfers .- chapter 2. Brachial Plexus Anatomy and Function .- Chapter 3. Brain Plasticity after Nerve Transfers in Brachial plexus Injuries .- Chapter 4. Surgical Indications .- Chapter 5. Intraoperative monitoring in brachial plexus surgery: fundamentals and applications.- Chapter 6. The Cutting Edge of Peripheral Nerve Surgery: A Look at Emerging Techniques.- Chapter 7. Proximal Intra- And Extra-Plexual Nerve Transfers .- Section II: Nerve transfers for restoration of Shoulder function.- Chapter 8. Direct nerve transfer from the upper trunk to the spinal nerve .- Chapter 9. Accessory to axillary nerve .- Chapter 10. Triceps branch of the radial nerve to the anterior branch of the axillary nerve transfer for shoulder abduction .- Chapter 11. Long thoracic nerve to axillary nerve .- Chapter 12. Median or ulnar nerve to axillary nerve .- Chapter 13. Accessory to suprascapular nerve .- Chapter 14. Transfer of a C7 fascicule for the pectoralis major to the suprascapular nerve.- Chapter 15. Rare Nerve Transfers .- Chapter 16. Phrenic nerve for shoulder reinnervation .- Chapter 17. Thoracodorsal to long thoracic nerve .- Section III: Nerve transfers for elbow flexion.- Chapter 18. Ulnar-Biceps Median-Brachialis" double nerve transfer .- Chapter 19. Infraclavicular intraplexual transfers for elbow flexion .- Chapter 20. Medial pectoral to Musculocutaneous nerve .- Chapter 21. Long thoracic nerve to musculocutaneous nerve .- Chapter 22. Thoracodorsal to musculocutaneous nerve .- Chapter 23. Intercostal nerves to musculocutaneous nerve .- Section IV: Nerve transfers for elbow extension.- Chapter 24. Nerve transfers for elbow extension .- Chapter 25. Transfer of a branch of the ulnar nerve onto one nerve to triceps brachii muscle .- Section V: Distal nerve transfers .- Chapter 26. Anterior Interosseous Nerve Transfers for Restoration of Pinch and Grip .- Chapter 27. Nerve Transfers For Ulnar Nerve Injury .- Chapter 28. Nerve Transfers for Wrist, Finger, and Thumb Extension .- Chapter 29. Nerve transfers restoring sensory functions .- Section VI: Contralateral Nerve Transfers.- Chapter 30. Contralateral C7 Transfers .
