基本説明
Offers a clear picture of brain impairment associated with the virus with particular focus on three emerging areas including different genetic strains of the virus throughout the world, interactions between advanced age and HIV, and the impact of HIV on the brain in the context of chronic, long-term treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Full Description
It is now more than a quarter century since the appearance of the f irst reported cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although successful tre- ments with highly active antiretroviral therapies have made a major impact on survival, there still remains no vaccine for prevention and the available therapies do not cure the disease. As a result, AIDS has been transformed into a chronic, lifelong disease which requires continuous antiretro viral drug treatment together with ongoing treatment of the associated systemic medical complications. It appears that as survival improves, the prevalence of chronic central nervous system involvement may be increasing. As pointed out by the editors of this volume, this shift in emphasis requires further examination of how AIDS affects the brain in terms of cogniti ve function, neuropsychiatric manifestations, activities of daily living, and quality of life. They also go on to ask the interesting question of how AIDS involvement of the brain interacts with normal aging. In HIV and the Brain, Drs.
Paul, Sacktor, Valcour, and Tashima have assembled an impressive international team of experts to summarize the current state of kno- edge concerning brain function in AIDS. Early chapters re view epidemiology, pathophysiology, neuropathology, neuroimaging, and HIV genetics follo wed by a series of chapters concerning the neuropsychological, behavioral, and neuropsyc- atric aspects of the disease.
Contents
Neurocognitive Changes in AIDS: Evolution of Treatment of HIV Infection.- Global Incidence and Epidemiology of the AIDS Pandemic, Distribution of HIV Subtypes, and Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Infection Among HIV-Positive Individuals.- New Insights into HIV Neuropathogenesis.- Neuropathological Findings Associated with Long-Term HAART.- Biomarkers of HIV-Related Central Nervous System Disease.- Neuroimaging Among HIV-Infected Patients: Current Knowledge and Future Directions.- The Assessment of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: New Challenges in the HAART Era.- The Changing Face of HIV-Associated Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Disturbance.- Youth with HIV/AIDS: Neurobehavioral Consequences.- Co-Occurrence of HIV, Hepatitis C, and Substance Use Disorders: Effects on Brain Functioning.- The Functional Impact of HIV-Associated Neuropsychological Decline.- Adjunctive Therapy for Long-Term Support of Cognitive Impairment.- HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Its Biological Significance.- Opportunistic Infections in the Brain in Developing Countries.- Impact of Clade Diversity on Neuropsychological Outcomes.- The Effects of Aging on HIV Disease.- Neuropsychology of Healthy Aging.- Interactions Between Advanced Age and HIV Cognitive Impairment.
