- ホーム
- > 洋書
- > 英文書
- > Computer / General
Full Description
Electromagnetic wave scattering from randomly rough surfaces in the presence of scatterers is an active, interdisciplinary area of research with myriad practical applications in fields such as optics, acoustics, geoscience and remote sensing.
In this book, the Method of Moments (MoM) is applied to compute the field scattered by scatterers such as canonical objects (cylinder or plate) or a randomly rough surface, and also by an object above or below a random rough surface. Since the problem is considered to be 2D, the integral equations (IEs) are scalar and only the TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) polarizations are addressed (no cross-polarizations occur). In Chapter 1, the MoM is applied to convert the IEs into a linear system, while Chapter 2 compares the MoM with the exact solution of the field scattered by a cylinder in free space, and with the Physical Optics (PO) approximation for the scattering from a plate in free space. Chapter 3 presents numerical results, obtained from the MoM, of the coherent and incoherent intensities scattered by a random rough surface and an object below a random rough surface. The final chapter presents the same results as in Chapter 3, but for an object above a random rough surface. In these last two chapters, the coupling between the two scatterers is also studied in detail by inverting the impedance matrix by blocks.
Contents
Preface ix
Introduction xi
Chapter 1 Integral Equations for a Single Scatterer: Method of Moments and Rough Surfaces 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Integral equations 2
1.2.1 TE and TM polarizations and boundary conditions 2
1.2.2 Electric and magnetic currents for a 2D problem 3
1.2.3 Huygens' principle and extinction theorem 4
1.2.4 Radar cross-section (RCS) 8
1.2.5 Normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) 10
1.3 Method of moments with point-matching method 12
1.4 Application to a surface 14
1.4.1 The Dirichlet boundary conditions 14
1.4.2 The Neumann boundary conditions 16
1.4.3 General case 17
1.4.4 Impedance boundary condition 18
1.5 Forward-Backward (FB) method 19
1.6 Random rough surface generation 21
1.6.1 Statistical parameters 21
1.6.2 Generation of a random profile 23
1.6.3 Simulations 26
1.6.4 Conclusion 30
Chapter 2 Validation of the Method of Moments For a Single Scatterer 31
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Solutions of a scattering problem 31
2.3 Comparison with the exact solution of a circular cylinder in free space 34
2.3.1 Solution of the Helmholtz equation 35
2.3.2 Dirichlet boundary conditions 37
2.3.3 Neumann boundary conditions 39
2.3.4 Dielectric cylinder 42
2.3.5 MoM for an elliptical cylinder 45
2.3.6 Numerical comparisons for a circular cylinder 47
2.3.7 Conclusion 54
2.4 PO approximation 55
2.4.1 Formulation 55
2.4.2 Applications 56
2.4.3 Sea-like surface 66
2.5 FB method 69
2.6 Conclusion 71
Chapter 3. Scattering From Two Illuminated Scatterers 73
3.1 Introduction 73
3.2 Integral equations and method of moments 75
3.2.1 Integral equations for two scatterers 75
3.2.2 Method of moments for two scatterers 77
3.2.3 Method of moments for P scatterers 84
3.3 Efficient inversion of the impedance matrix: E-PILE method for two scatterers 86
3.3.1 Mathematical formulation 86
3.3.2 Numerical results 89
3.4 E-PILE method combined with PO and FB 94
3.4.1 E-PILE hybridized with FB 94
3.4.2 E-PILE hybridized with PO 96
3.5 Conclusion 107
Chapter 4. Scattering from two scatterers where only one is illuminated 109
4.1 Introduction 109
4.2 Integral equations and method of moments 110
4.2.1 Integral equations 110
4.2.2 Method of moments 113
4.2.3 Case for which scatterer 2 is perfectly conducting 116
4.2.4 Numerical results 117
4.3 Efficient inversion of the impedance matrix: PILE method 122
4.3.1 Mathematical formulation 122
4.3.2 Numerical results 123
4.4 PILE method combined with FB or PO 128
4.4.1 PILE hybridized with FB 128
4.4.2 PILE hybridized with PO 130
4.5 Conclusion 138
Appendix MATLAB Codes 139
Bibliography 141
Index 147
