- ホーム
- > 洋書
- > 英文書
- > Science / Mathematics
Full Description
Water Hammer Simulations is a comprehensive guide to modelling transients in closed pipes. The models presented range from those used for the first studies into the field to the most advanced available today. All of the models are described in detail, starting from the simplest to the most complex. Most of the presented models have been implemented in computer codes, which are provided with the book as both executable files and the sources. The use of these programs is explained in the book where they are applied in a number of examples; the results are critically commented, to allow the reader to be able to build an appropriate model for their own use. Suggestions on the most appropriate model to be built and used are provided throughout the book. Laboratory tests and real case applications are also presented and discussed, together with the still unresolved problems in the field. The focus of researcher's efforts we will be on these issues in the coming years. The book is suitable for professionals working in the field as well as scholars and undergraduate students.
Contents
Contents An old topic still not completely solved An old topic; Applications and problems; This book; The computer programs Compressible flow theory: basic concepts Instantaneous operations; Wave celerity; Velocity of operations; Non-negligible headlosses; Governing equations; Continuity equation; Momentum equation; The governing equations Simplified solutions The Allievi's method (1913); The non-elastic hypothesis; Governing equations; Comparisons; Graphical method Numerical solution of the governing equations: The method of characteristics Numerical solution; Initial and boundary conditions; Reservoir; Valve; Junction; The computer code; First simple application Numerical solution of the governing equations: finite difference methods The Courant - Friedrichs - Levy stability condition; The Lax - Wendroff method; Solving the governing equations; Boundary conditions; Asymmetrical schemes; Ghost cells; The computer code; Again the simple application Devices - Boundary conditions Surge tanks; Simple surge tanks; Different types of surge tanks; Air chambers; Relief valves and rupture disks; Centrifugal pumps; Other methods for controlling the pressures; The computer codes; The simple surge tank; The simple air chamber; Air chamber with headlosses; Air chamber and valve; Valve modelling: an example; Pumps Instabilities Vibrations; General remarks; Computer program for oscillating velocity; Transfer matrix method; General remarks; Application to hydraulic transients; Description of simple system: pipes; Description of simple system: valves and effluxes; Global matrix of a system; A simple application; Numerical instabilities; Changing CFL number; First order methods; Flux-limiters; Artificial dissipation Effects of air and cavitation Cavities; Formation of the cavities; Collapse of the cavities; Description of the motion in the presence of cavities; Changing of celerity; Water column separation; Additional resistance terms; Models; Parameters; Laboratory experiments; Experimental set-up; Experimental tests; Computer code Advanced models 2D models; Continuity equation; Momentum equation; Headlossess; Pezzinga's model; k - epsilon model; avitation; Release gaseous cavitation model; Second viscosity cavitation model;Numerical schemes; Further problems Case studies Simple pressure pipe for petroleum products in Djibouti; lant characteristics; Expected scenarios; Case 1; Case 2; Case 3; Conclusions; A more complex example for seawater treatment plant in Tanzania; Plant characteristics; Unsteady flow simulations: existing plant; Plant to be designed; No air chambers; Air chamber 3 m3 volume; Air chamber 5 m3 volume; Conclusions; A very complex example for seawater treatment plant in Algeria; The plant to be modelled; A peculiar device: energy recovery PX; Laboratory plant; Laboratory tests; Model of the seawater plant in Algeria; Conclusions; Final remarks References
