基本説明
The book examines Directive 93/13 on Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts and its implementation in national courts. The focus is mainly on English law (including the 2005 Unfair Terms in Contracts Bill) and on Italian law, but frequent references are made to the French and the German systems.
Full Description
The book examines Directive 93/13 on Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts and its implementation with a twofold aim: first, to understand the extent to which the Directive has influenced and will influence fundamental notions and principles of contract law in the domestic legal systems of the Member States; second, it examines the extent to which the domestic legal traditions of the Member States have influenced the process of drafting of the Directive and, more importantly, will affect the way that the Directive is interpreted and applied in national courts. The focus is mainly on English law (including the 2005 Unfair Terms in Contracts Bill) and on Italian law, but frequent references are made to the French and the German systems. At the same time, the book has a broader, more 'European' concern, in that it aims to distill from the existing Community acquis and from the history and rationale of Directive 93/13 notions and concepts that could guide its interpretation.
It is well known that Community law uses terminology which is peculiar to it, and that legal concepts do not necessarily have the same meaning in EC law and in the law of the various Member States: every provision of Community law must be placed in its context and interpreted in the light of its own objectives and rationale, and of the objectives and rationale of Community law as a whole. In this respect, this book aims to identify the contours and features of the emerging European legal tradition, and to assess the impact that this may have on the domestic traditions.
Contents
1. Introduction 2. Directive 93/13 and EC Consumer Law and Policy A brief outline of Directive 93/13 The EC involvement in consumer policy and the roots of Directive 93/13 The rationale of the directive: the internal market argument The consumer protection argument The future of Directive 93/13 3. Unfair Terms Regulation: A Comparative Study Overview The rationale of unfair terms control in Italy and England Implementation of Directive 93/13 in England and in Italy 4. Unfair Terms Control in England and Italy Formal controls Substantive controls Different methods of adjudication 5. Subjective Scope of Application The consumer in EC law National traditions Areas of conflict between the domestic and the European definitions The business party 6. Application to Public Services The national traditions A 'European' approach to public services in Directive 93/13 7. Objective Scope of Application Individually negotiated terms 'Core' exclusions Contracts relating to land 8. Formal and Substantive Controls Formal controls Substantive controls Different methods of adjudication 9. Conclusion Convergence and divergence in the interpretation of Directive 93/13 The European Court of Justice as the engine of European integration?
