Full Description
Contracts are illegal not only when they contravene specific legal rules, but also when they are considered immoral or contrary to public policy. In this way rules of contract law also influence the exceptional and sometimes fragile relationship between law and morality. They determine which issues can be made the subject of a legally valid and enforceable agreement according to the values underlying the legal order to which they pertain. But despite their geographic proximity, shared history and common aim of a strong EU internal market there are remarkable differences in the underlying values of many European legal systems. This book brings together a group of well renowned contract lawyers that analyse how their own legal systems deal with 12 interesting cases of morally dubious agreements, including for example suretyships, conditional contracts of succession, nuptial agreements, surrogacy agreements, contracts for sex work and, of course, usurious contracts. All inspired by real litigations adjudicated by courts and covering the questions of validity and enforceability, as well as the availability of remedies. To give a comprehensive picture of immoral contracts across Europe, the national perspectives are complemented by chapters providing historical insights as well as an EU perspective. Throughout the book comprehensive analysis of the findings offers crucial insights into divergences and convergences and the decisive factors driving European thinking.
Contents
Part I. The Issue of Morality in the Development of European Contract Law. Immortal Contracts in Europe: The First Common Core (p. 1) Immorality of Contracts in Europe: Four Approaches (p. 15) Part II. Case Studies. Questionnaire (p. 29) Case 1: Sex Work Contracts (p. 37) Case 2: Contracts Promoting Sex Work (p. 127) Case 3: Contracts Promoting Telephone Sex (p. 177) Case 4: Contracts Promoting Dwarf Throwing (p. 213) Case 5: Surrogate Motherhood Contracts (p. 267) Case 6: Marriage Brokerage Contracts (p. 341) Case 7: Nuptial Agreements (p. 391) Case 8: Contracts Restraining Marriage (p. 455) Case 9: Conditional Contracts of Succession (p. 505) Case 10: Contracts Restricting Personal Liberty (p. 553) Case 11: Usurious Contracts (p. 589) Case 12: Immoral Suretyships (p. 647) Part III. Comparative Conclusions. 28 Jurisdictions and 12 Types of Morally Dubious Contracts: To What Extent is there a Common Core? (p. 715)
