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Full Description
The Portuguese revolution of April 25, 1974, has drawn much well-deserved scholarly attention: it offers an innovative example of a leftist military-led revolutionary process that unexpectedly resulted in the transition to a West European-style social democracy. Although much of the existing scholarship has logically focused on the emerging political elites and institutions of the period, there is much more to consider about the revolution's ramifications to the Portuguese social-movement sector.
This volume examines the legacy of social movements that emerged during the Portuguese Revolution. Each case study was selected to demonstrate the breadth and variety of the Revolution's activist landscape, as well as the challenges of mobilization during regime transitions. As a whole, the volume offers an exploration of the imprint that social movements left on Portuguese democracy.
The chapters help us answer a variety of pertinent questions. Which social movements have survived post April 25? How did those movements adapt to the new institutional context? How have they remained relevant? Which issues/impacts did these organizations have that are still resonant today? Which repertoires of contention remain in the toolkit of tactics that current social movements use? What has been their impact on the quality of Portuguese democracy?
Contents
Acknowledgments
Foreword. "It's the People who lead" by Daniela F. Melo and Paul Christopher Manuel
Preface. Unleashed by the April Revolution: Social Movements in Portugal by Maria Inácia Rezola
Chapter 1. Introduction: The Complex Tale of Social Movements and Portuguese Democracy by Daniela F. Melo and Paul Christopher Manuel
PART I. SURVIVING DEMOCRATIZATION AFTER REVOLUTION
Chapter 2. From a Repressed Movement to Global Protagonists? Students in Portugal from the Carnation Revolution to Today by Giulia Strippoli
Chapter 3. Democratizing from Below: How the Feminist Movement Builds Portuguese Democracy by Ana Prata
Chapter 4. A Revolution without a Religious Disruption? Tensions, Transitions, and Emerging Scenarios by Alfredo Teixeira, Helena Vilaça, and Paulo Fontes
PART II. THE REVOLUTION IS OVER: DEMOCRACY, RADICALIZATION, AND DEMOBILIZATION
Chapter 5. Urban Squatters: The Rise and Fall of the Residents' Commissions during the Portuguese Democratic Transition by Ana Drago
Chapter 6. Memory, Antifascism, and the Radical Left by Miguel Cardina
Chapter 7. Violent Social Movements in Portugal after the Carnation Revolution: The Case of the Popular Forces of the 25th of April by Raquel da Silva and João Paulo Ventura
PART III. THE ARC OF APRIL: MEMORY, POWER, AND CONTEMPORARY REPERTOIRES OF CONTENTION
Chapter 8. After 1974: Social Movements from the Right by José Pedro Zúquete
Chapter 9. Memories of Social Movements in the 25th of April Revolution: The End of the Estado Novo by Ana Sofia Ferreira
Chapter 10. Protest Cycles and Democracy in Portugal, 2000-2019 by Tiago Fernandes and Cláudia Araújo