Full Description
The reader may be amazed when they are faced with the sheer number of territorial divisions associated with public action, and full of questions. What justifies this diversity? What are the problems that arise from these divisions? Why don't the limits of public action simply follow administrative and political subdivisions?
Territorial Division for Public Action focuses on the situation in France, proposing three different approaches. First, we consider the functions that are associated with these territorial divisions: equitable distribution of resources across the territory, administration and the management of public services. However, they are also a tool for maintaining power.
Lastly, we consider the effects these divisions have on the implementation of public action and on socio-spatial structures. These divisions reflect political projects, which embody the issues as much as the partition design itself does. The recent reform of territorial regions, alongside a gradual imposition of intercommunal links in France, has given rise to political debates at both local and national levels.
Contents
Acknowledgements xiii
Introduction xv
Antoine LAPORTE and Antonine RIBARDIÈRE
Part 1. Territorial Division and the Political Project 1
Chapter 1. France's Départements and Municipalities: Fossils or Phoenixes? 3
Antoine LAPORTE
1.1. Introduction 3
1.2. Republican equality embodied by regular territorial division 6
1.3. The age of decentralization: the invention of regions and intermunicipal structures 12
1.4. In the 2010s, continuing decentralization without eliminating any tiers 17
1.5. Conclusion 22
1.6. References 23
Chapter 2. Intermunicipal Division: An Ambiguous Revolution 25
Guillaume VERGNAUD and Antoine LAPORTE
2.1. Introduction 25
2.2. The origin of the intermunicipal association: the inadequacies of an unbreakable municipal territorial division 27
2.3. Intermunicipal division: the rapid but gradual construction of a new division at local level 30
2.4. Impacts, stakes and debates 37
2.5. Conclusion 43
2.6. References 43
Chapter 3. Contradictory Bets on a Greater Paris 47
Xavier DESJARDINS
3.1. Introduction 47
3.2. Bigger, more democratic? 49
3.3. Bigger, more coherent? 54
3.4. Conclusion: how the scale changes 55
3.5. References 56
Chapter 4. Creating Neighborhoods for Participatory Democracy 59
Anne-Lise HUMAIN-LAMOURE
4.1. Introduction 59
4.2. Neighborhoods at the National Assembly and the Senate: the grand narratives of republican territory reinterpreted 61
4.3. Setting up neighborhoods: elusive legality, uncertain pragmatism 65
4.4. Making territories: the facts of division 69
4.5. Conclusion 75
4.6. References 76
Chapter 5. Division for Better Governance in Post-Revolution Tunisia 77
Maher BEN REBAH
5.1. Introduction 77
5.2. Genesis and evolution of territorial divisions in Tunisia 79
5.3. Land communalization in post-revolution Tunisia: the legal impasse, the political agenda and the technical solution 84
5.4. Communalization: between past territorial heritage and future electoral implications 88
5.5. Conclusion 99
5.6. References 101
Part 2. Territorial Division and Access to Rights 105
Chapter 6. The Challenges of the French Judicial Map 107
Etienne CAHU
6.1. Introduction 107
6.2. Rationality, equality, technicality, profit: the multiple foundations of the French judicial map 109
6.3. What impact do judicial territorial divisions have on access to the courts and the delivery of justice? 120
6.4. Conclusion 131
6.5. References 132
Chapter 7. School Sectorization, the Territorial Division of the French Republic's Schools? 135
Jean-Christophe FRANÇOIS
7.1. Introduction 135
7.2. From Jules Ferry to the collège unique: standardizing public secondary education and financing private schools 137
7.3. Opening up education and sectorization (1981-2007) 142
7.4. 2007-2012: pseudo-de-sectorization and its consequences 146
7.5. 2012-2020: Believing that sectorization is a good thing, but that current boundaries are wrong and lead to segregation 150
7.6. Conclusion: when the framework hides the territorial division 153
7.7. References 154
Chapter 8. The Territorial Division of Social Action to Promote Cohesion and Reduce Inequalities 159
Antonine RIBARDIÈRE
8.1. Introduction 159
8.2. Professional territorial division, unstable by nature? 165
8.3. From specialized administrative zoning to the territorialization of the département's public action 168
8.4. Towards infra-département division? 171
8.5. Conclusion 174
8.6. References 175
Chapter 9. France's Territorial Frameworks for Public Health Policy 179
Catherine MANGENEY, Emmanuel ELIOT, Véronique LUCAS-GABRIELLI, Guillaume CHEVILLARD and Magali COLDEFY
9.1. Introduction 179
9.2. When the territorial division of healthcare translates into state oversight 183
9.3. Division as a tool for redistribution 186
9.4. Towards multi-form territories? 191
9.5. Conclusion 198
9.6. References 199
Part 3. Sharing Public Action: From Territorial Division to Zoning 203
Chapter 10. Selecting and Acting upon "Priority Neighborhoods" to Reduce Inequalities? 205
Violette ARNOULET and Christine LELÉVRIER
10.1. Introduction 205
10.2. Urban policy or the construction of a territorialized public problem 206
10.3. "Priority geography" as a tool for decentralized public action 211
10.4. Acting on "priority neighborhoods" to combat inequality? 217
10.5. Conclusion 220
10.6. References 221
Chapter 11. Demarcate to Preserve: Zoning Protected Areas in France 225
Lionel LASLAZ
11.1. Introduction: territorial division and nature: an oxymoron? 225
11.2. From naturalistic and deterministic presuppositions to the political boundaries of protected areas: an ongoing negotiation 229
11.3. Inside and outside: the territorial division of protected spaces or the shaping of compromise through space 238
11.4. Stacking territorial divisions: the temptation to overlay protected areas 245
11.5. Conclusion 254
11.6. References 255
Chapter 12. Public Action Zoning in Rural Areas 259
Pascal CHEVALIER and Guillaume LACQUEMENT
12.1. Introduction 259
12.2. From public policy zoning to public action zoning 261
12.3. Project territories for regional development 271
12.4. From mobilizing stakeholders to building project territories: the ambivalence of public action zoning 275
12.5. Conclusion 282
12.6. References 282
Chapter 13. Rural Revitalization Zones: Between Equality and Efficiency 287
Christophe QUÉVA
13.1. Introduction 287
13.2. Logics and principles of ZRRs: an ideal of territorial equality 290
13.3. ZRRs between (in-)efficiency of public action, issues of attractiveness and territorial equity 300
13.4. Conclusion 304
13.5. References 306
List of Authors 309
Index 311
Index of Places 315
