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Full Description
Turkey has gone through significant transformations over the last century—from the Ottoman Empire and Young Turk era to the Republic of today—but throughout it has demonstrated troubling continuities in its encouragement and deployment of mass violence. In particular, the construction of a Muslim-Turkish identity has been achieved in part by designating "internal enemies" at whom public hatred can be directed. This volume provides a wide range of case studies and historiographical reflections on the alarming recurrence of such violence in Turkish history, as atrocities against varied ethnic-religious groups from the nineteenth century to today have propelled the nation's very sense of itself.
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
Raymond H. Kévorkian
PART I: CASE STUDIES IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Chapter 1. On the Genealogy of the Armenian-Turkish Conflict, Sultan Abdülhamid, and the Armenian Massacres
Stephan H. Astourian
Chapter 2. The Long Assyrian Genocide
David Gaunt
Chapter 3. The Hamidian Massacres: Gendered Violence, Biopolitics, and National Honor
Aysenur Korkmaz
Chapter 4. On Collective Responsibility in the Extermination of Ottoman Armenians
Raymond H. Kévorkian
Chapter 5. The Final Phase: The Cleansing of Armenian and Greek Survivors (1919-1922)
Raymond H. Kévorkian
Chapter 6. Collective State Violence against Greeks in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1821-1923
George Shirinian
PART II: CASE STUDIES IN REPUBLICAN TURKEY
Chapter 7. The Attempted Pogrom Against the Jews of Thrace, June-July 1934
Rifat Bali
Chapter 8. A History of Armenians Remaining in Turkey: Survival and Denial
Talin Suciyan
Chapter 9. The Events of September 6-7, 1955: Greeks, Armenians, and Jews within the Context of the Strategies of the Turkish Republic
Dilek Güven
Chapter 10. State Violences in "Kurdistan"
Mesut Yeğen
Chapter 11. Physical and Epistemic Violence against Alevis in Modern Turkey
Markus Dressler
Chapter 12. Inscriptions of Denial of the Armenian Genocide in Memory Narrations from Dersim
Annika Törne
Chapter 13. The Yazidis: Resilience in Times of Violence
Caroline Schneider
PART III: THEMATIC ESSAYS
Chapter 14. "Who Did This to Us?" Blaming the Enemies as Part of Turkey's Authoritarian Political Culture
Uǧur Derin
Chapter 15. Violence and Its Masks: History and Nation
Etienne Copeaux
Chapter 16. Public Violence in Turkey (19th-21st Centuries)
Hans-Lukas Kieser
Chapter 17. Structures of Power, Coercion, and Violence in Republican Turkey
Hamit Bozarslan
In Lieu of a Conclusion: Shapes, Legitimation, and Legacies of Violence in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey
Stephan H. Astourian
Index
