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Full Description
Compendium of Hydrogen Energy Volume 4: Hydrogen Use, Safety and the Hydrogen Economy focuses on the uses of hydrogen. As many experts believe the hydrogen economy will, at some point, replace the fossil fuel economy as the primary source of the world's energy, this book investigates the uses of this energy, from transport, to stationary and portable applications, with final sections discussing the difficulties and possibilities of the widespread adoption of the hydrogen economy.
Contents
List of contributors
Part One: Hydrogen applications in transport and industry
1: Hydrogen-fueled road automobiles - Passenger cars and buses
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Comparison of different hydrogen-fueled drive systems
1.3 Technical solutions for FCEVs
1.4 Technical approaches for the main components of FCEVs
1.5 Challenges for FCEVs - Consideration of main markets
1.6 Summary and future trends
1.7 Sources of further information and advice
2: Hydrogen-fueled motorcycles, bicycles, and industrial trucks
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Hydrogen motorcycles and bicycles
2.3 Hydrogen industrial trucks
2.4 Conclusions
3: Hydrogen-fueled marine transportation
Abstract
3.1 Market environment
3.2 Requirements for marine FCs
3.3 Suitable FC systems
3.4 FC integration in ships
3.5 Marine FC projects
3.6 Future trends
4: Hydrogen-fueled aeroplanes
Abstract
4.1 Introduction to hydrogen vs. traditional technologies: Differences and similarities, advantages, and disadvantages
4.2 Hydrogen fuel on aircraft—Challenges and requirements
4.3 Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen storage methods in aeronautics
4.4 Available energy conversion technologies
4.5 Available infrastructure (production, airport)
4.6 Operational aspects (turn around)
4.7 Safety aspects (layout, design, and strategy)
4.8 Safety strategy
4.9 Certification aspects
4.10 Environmental and economic aspects and public acceptance
4.11 Future trends
4.12 Summary
5: Hydrogen-fueled spacecraft and other space applications of hydrogen
Abstract
5.1 Introduction: The potential of hydrogen-powered spacecraft
5.2 Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen-fueled spacecraft
5.3 Principles: Suitable hydrogen power sources for spacecraft
5.4 Advantages and disadvantages of the power sources
5.5 Challenges for hydrogen-fueled spacecraft
5.6 Other space applications of hydrogen
5.7 Market trends
5.8 Hydrogen storage in spacecraft
5.9 Advantages and disadvantages of the various potential storage methods
5.10 Safety concerns regarding the storage of hydrogen in these vehicles
5.11 Future trends
Part Two: Other applications of hydrogen
6: Hydrogen fuel cells for portable applications
Abstract
Acknowledgments
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Drawbacks of hydrogen fuel cells regarding application in portable devices
6.3 Present status
6.4 Market penetration
6.5 Future perspectives and conclusion
7: Large-scale underground storage of hydrogen for the grid integration of renewable energy and other applications
Abstract
7.1 Hydrogen and the need for energy storage in Europe
7.2 Markets for hydrogen
7.3 Technology for large-scale hydrogen storage
7.4 Potential for hydrogen underground storage
7.5 Hydrogen storage economics in energy systems with increasing share of intermittent renewable energy
7.6 State-of-discussion and development perspectives
8: Hydrogen admixture to the natural gas grid
Abstract
Acknowledgments
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Reasons for adding hydrogen to the natural gas grid
8.3 Potential benefits and problems associated with adding hydrogen to the natural gas grid
8.4 State of the art
8.5 The bottlenecks—Considering a 10 vol% admixture
8.6 R&D necessary to overcome the bottlenecks
8.7 Additional requirements
8.8 Key technologies
8.9 Future trends: The methanation option
8.10 Economic considerations
8.11 Regulatory issues
8.12 Practical recommendations for hydrogen injection
8.13 Conclusions
8.14 Sources of further information
Recommended further reading
Part Three: Hydrogen safety
9: Hydrogen safety: An overview
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Properties of hydrogen and their implications for safety
9.3 Hazards of hydrogen
9.4 Management for accident prevention
9.5 Future trends
9.6 Conclusions
9.7 Sources of further information
10: Hydrogen sensors and detectors
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Terms and definitions
10.3 Requirements of hydrogen sensors and detectors
10.4 Current hydrogen sensors and detectors on the market: Technologies and operation principles
10.5 Current research and development in hydrogen sensors and detectors
10.6 Detection layout and maintenance of detectors
10.7 Conclusions
10.8 Sources of further information
Part Four: The hydrogen economy
11: The hydrogen economy—Vision or reality?
Abstract
Acknowledgments
11.1 Setting the context—The global energy challenge
11.2 Options for the road transport sector
11.3 A short history of hydrogen
11.4 The status of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
11.5 Building a hydrogen delivery infrastructure for the transport sector
11.6 The hydrogen infrastructure challenge and how to overcome it
11.7 The role of hydrogen for renewables' integration
11.8 Perspectives and outlook
12: Building a hydrogen infrastructure in the EU
Abstract
12.1 Introduction: which hydrogen infrastructure(s) is/are required?
12.2 Current status of hydrogen infrastructure
12.3 Costs for setting up the hydrogen infrastructure
12.4 Status and outlook of EU hydrogen infrastructure initiatives
12.5 Moving toward full deployment
12.6 Conclusions
13: Building a hydrogen infrastructure in the United States
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Current status of hydrogen infrastructure in the United States
13.3 Initial costs of deploying hydrogen infrastructure
13.4 Market trends
13.5 Hydrogen refueling infrastructure
13.6 Hydrogen production, transmission, and distribution
13.7 Hydrogen transmission and distribution barriers
13.8 Material
14: Building a hydrogen infrastructure in Japan
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The new strategic energy plan (Strategic Energy Plan, 2014)
14.3 Strategic Road Map For Hydrogen and FCs (Strategic Road Map for Hydrogen et al., 2014)
14.4 Off-site (centralized) versus on-site (distributed) hydrogen production
14.5 Novel hydrogen production methods
14.6 Hydrogen distribution and storage
14.7 Initial current cost of hydrogen stations
14.8 Residential use FC system (The Japan Gas Association, n.d.)
14.9 FC vehicle
14.10 Current situation in Japan as regards hydrogen infrastructure
14.11 Conclusions
15: Environmental impacts of hydrogen use in vehicles
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Environmental assessment
15.3 Reference systems
15.4 Results and discussion
15.5 Final considerations
Index
