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This book contains the papers from the 2013 International Conference on Compressors and Their Systems, held from 9-10 September at City University London. The long-running conference series is the ultimate global forum for reviewing the latest developments and novel approaches in compressor research. High-quality technical papers are sourced from around the globe, covering technology development, operation, maintenance and reliability, safety and environmental impact, energy efficiency and carbon footprint, system integration and behaviour, upgrades and refurbishment, design and manufacture, education and professional development. All the papers are previously unpublished and constitute leading edge research.
Contents
DedicationSponsorsForewordKeynote Papers What does the future hold for compressor manufacturers? ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION3 ADDITIONAL CHALLENGES4 ADDITIONAL OPPORTUNITIES5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES6 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE CHANGE7 CONCLUSIONSRecent research of novel compression concepts for vapor compression heat pumping, air conditioning and refrigeration systems ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 BOWTIE COMPRESSOR3 ROTARY SPOOL COMPRESSOR4 Z-COMPRESSOR5 LINEAR COMPRESSOR6 DIAPHRAGM COMPRESSOR7 SUMMARYSliding vane rotary compressor technology and energy saving ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION1 SLIDING VANE COMPRESSOR TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION3 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSCompressor Systems Experimental study of compressor operating characteristics and performance when using refrigerants R32, R1234yf, and two new low GWP developmental refrigerants as drop-in replacements for R410A ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTPerformance and suitability comparisons of some R22 possible substitute refrigerants ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION5 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTOil level measurement in oil-injected screw compressor packages used in the petroleum, petrochemical, refrigeration and fuel gas markets ABSTRACT1 OIL-INJECTED SCREW COMPRESSOR LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM2 LEVEL MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES3 CONCLUSIONSSimulation of a cold climate heat pump furnished with a scroll compressor with multiple vapor injection lines ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 COMPRESSOR ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION3 CYCLE ANALYSISLINESCONCLUSIONSCompressor for exhaust treatment of non-road vehicles ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 COR (R) TECHNOLOGY3 COR (R) COMPRESSOR5 CONCLUSION6 OUTLOOKScrew pulsation generation and control: a shock tube mechanism ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SCREW PULSATION GENERATION MECHANISM: A SHOCK TUBE THEORY3 PULSATION CONTROL: PULSATION TRAP METHOD4 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSNumerical analysis of unsteady behaviour of a screw compressor plant system ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTIONMODEL5 CONCLUSIONOptimization of integrated energy process in China industrial compressed air system ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSInvestigation on working characteristics of micro compressed air energy storage system ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION3 THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS4 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS5 CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTSEnergy Efficiency Compressor and system energy efficiency improvements through lubricant optimization ABSTRACT3 LUBRICANT AND REFRIGERANT INTERACTION STUDIES4 CONCLUSIONSEnergy saving in sliding vane rotary compressors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 OIL INJECTION MODELING INSIDE THE VANE3 EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSEnergy recovery using sliding vane rotary expanders ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION1 MODEL DESCRIPTION2 EXPERIMENTAL SET UP3 EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY4 CONCLUSIONSScrew Compressors Calculation of discharge pressure pulsations of a screw compressor using the one-dimensional method of characteristics ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELLING3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION5 CONCLUSIONSDiscussion of actual profile clearances' calculation method in rotary compressors in the absence of rotor timing units ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTIONWITH A MALE ROTOR6 RESULTS7 CONCLUSIONSTheoretical analysis of loads on the gate rotor bearings in the single screw compressor ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 GEOMETRIC MODEL4 RESULT5 CONCLUSIONInvestigation of heat exchange in the working chamber of rotary compressors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH EXTERNAL COMPRESSION (ROOTS TYPE)3 ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH INTERNAL COMPRESSION8 CONCLUSIONSExperimental validation of a geometry model for twin screw machines ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 GEOMETRY MODEL3 MODEL VERIFICATION4 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThermodynamic simulation of multi-stage screw compressors using chamber-based screw model ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION3 THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATIONS4 SIMULATION TOOL5 SIMULATION RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONEffect of variable volume index on performance of single screw compressor ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 INTEGRATED PART LOAD VALUE (IPLV)3 VARIABLE VOLUME INDEX (VI) SYSTEM4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONInvestigations of deformation failure of the slide valve in single screw refrigeration compressors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELING3 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS4 CONCLUSIONSScroll Compressors Assessment of reed valve dynamic behavior in a scroll compressor through visualization ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODS3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONS5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFatigue design and safety factor for scroll compressor wraps ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 FATIGUE ANALYSIS3 MATERIAL: DUCTILE AND GREY CAST IRON4 FRACTURE MECHANICS APPROACH5 SIMULATION MODELS6 RESULTS7 FURTHER WORK8 CONCLUSIONSSimulation model to predict temperature distribution along scroll wraps ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MATHEMATICAL MODEL3 SOLUTION PROCEDURE4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSOil flow at discharge valve in a scroll compressor ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODS3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONS5 FUTURE WORK6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSNovel Compressors and Manufacturing Technologies Analysis and development of a new compressor device based on the new finned piston ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN3 COMPRESSOR DESCRIPTION5 COMPARISON AND CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTSOil-flooded screw vacuum pumps with a novel flexible discharge port design ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION4 MEASUREMENT RESULTS OF A SCREW VACUUM PUMP WITH THE FLEXIBLE DISCHARGE PORT AND DISCUSSIONS5 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSpool compressor tip seal design considerations ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TIP SEAL BEHAVIOR3 HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS4 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS5 MODEL SOLUTION6 MODEL RESULTS7 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS8 CONCLUSION9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSGenerating grinding in rotor production - KAPP rotor grinding machine RX 120 ABSTRACT4 PROCESS PERFORMANCE5 MACHINE CONCEPT RX 1206 INTEGRATED LOADING AND DEBURRING4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSExperimental study of noise and vibration reduction in a medium-size oil-flooded twin-screw compressor by the application of helix relief ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TRANSMISSION ERROR SIMULATION4 NOISE TEST5 CONCLUSIONSReciprocating Compressors Survey of factors influencing reciprocating compressor efficiencies and discharge gas temperatures ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ENERGY BALANCE, SPECIFIC ENTHALPIES AND TEMPERATURES5 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GAS FLOW RATE6 CONCLUSIONAn investigation of the heat transfer phenomena between the hermetic reciprocating compressor components ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES3 ANALYTICAL MODELLING4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSION6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTStudy of aerodynamic noise in hermetic refrigerator compressor ABSTRACT5 CONCLUSIONExpanders Physics of a dry running unsynchronized twin screw expander ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THE SCREW EXPANDER GL51.2-M4 INVESTIGATION RESULTS5 SUMMARY3D CFD analysis of a twin screw expander ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CFD ANALYSIS OF A TWIN SCREW EXPANDER3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONSizing models and performance analysis of volumetric expansion machines for waste heat recovery through organic Rankine cycles on passenger cars ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION2 EXPANDER MODELS3 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS5 DECISION ARRAY6 CONCLUSIONSimulation of expansion process in positive displacement expander ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION4 PORT FLOW MODEL SPECIFICS5 EXPANSION RPOCESS ANALYSIS EXAMPLE6 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTInvestigation on a scroll expander for waste heat recovery on internal combustion engines ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION3 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS4 CONCLUSIONTurbo Machines Oil-free centrifugal refrigeration compressors: from HFC134a to HFO1234ze(E) ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS AND THEIR OPERATING CONDITIONS4 THE FIRST AIR-COOLED CHILLER WITH HFO1234ZE(E)CONCLUSIONSThe application of the Universal Modeling Method to development of centrifugal compressor model stages ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONPLANT TEST PERFORMANCE CURVE MODELINGMODEL STAGES' PERFORMANCE CURVES DERIVED FROM TEST DATACONCLUSIONFlow and performance investigation of the specially designed channel diffuser of centrifugal compressor ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 DESIGN METHODSTAGE4 EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY AND MEASUREMENTS5 NUMERICAL SIMULATION6 CONCLUSIONSInvestigation of gas flow with injection in vaneless diffuser of centrifugal compressor ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODEL DESCRIPTION AND ASSUMPTIONS4 CONCLUSIONSExperimental study of radial low specific speed turbocompressor running in reverse as turboexpander ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MARKET RESEARCH3 DESIGNS4 EXPERIMENTAL RIG5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION6 POWER LOSS CALCULATIONS7 CONCLUSIONSShape optimization of a centrifugal compressor impeller ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURE3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS4 CONCLUSIONCentrifugal compressor efficiency types and rational application ABSTRACTPOWER CONSUMPTION CALCULATIONLOSS ESTIMATIONCONCLUSIONValves Historic review of attempts to model valve dynamics ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 HISTORICAL RETROSPECT5 CONCLUSIONSNumerical analysis of seat impact of reed type valves ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 NUMERICAL MODEL3 DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS FOR VALVE IMPACT5 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe improved valve assembly of swash plate compressor for vehicle air conditioning system ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THE COMPRESSOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT DESIGN4 CONCLUSIONSTransient and dynamic numerical simulation of the fluid flow through valves based on large eddy simulation models ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MATHEMACIAL FORMULATION AND NUMERICAL METHOD3 COMPUTATIONAL DOMAIN, MESH AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS4 NUMERICAL RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTSComputational Fluid Dynamics Use of computational fluid dynamics to develop improved one-dimensional thermodynamic analyses of refrigerant screw compressors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION3 FLOW THROUGH RADIAL GAPS BETWEEN ROTORS AND HOUSING4 FLOW THROUGH BLOWHOLE5 CONCLUDING REMARKSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSCFD grid generation and analysis of screw compressor with variable geometry rotors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 GRID GENERATION FOR VARIABLE PITCH AND VARIABLE PROFILE SCREW ROTORS3 CFD ANALYSIS4 CONCLUSIONCFD modelling of scroll compressor intermediate discharge ports ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SIMPLIFICATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS3 CFD MODEL4 CALCULATIONS5 RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONS7 FUTURE WORKCFD analysis of pressure pulsation in screw compressors - Combine theory with practice ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION5 SIMULATION RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONCFD analyses of a radial inflow turbine ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CFD MODELLING3 STEADY SIMULATIONS4 UNSTEADY SIMULATIONS5 CONCLUSIONNumerical and experimental investigation of the efficiency of vaned diffuser of centrifugal compressor ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONNUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONGEOMETRYCOMPUTATIONAL GRIDASSUMPTIONSBOUNDARY CONDITIONSCONVERGENCE CRITERIAVANED DIFFUSER EFFICIENCYCONCLUSIONSSimulation and validation of the compressor stage of a turbocharger using OpenFOAM ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 NUMERICAL SETUP3 NASA CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR4 COMPRESSOR SIDE OF A TURBOCHARGER5 CONCLUSIONInfluence of the suction arrangement and geometry of the inlet port on the performance of twin screw compressors ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EXPERIMENTAL BACKGROUND3 NUMERICAL MODELS4 NUMERICAL RESULTSCONCLUSIONSModelling A new dynamic heat pump simulation model with variable speed compressors under frosting conditions ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 HEAT PUMP SIMULATION MODEL3 FROSTING MODEL DEVELOPMENT4 HEAT PUMP SIMULATION UNDER FROSTING CONDITION5 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKSDeveloping simulation tools for design of low charge vapour compression refrigeration systems ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION3 HEAT EXCHANGER SIMULATION TOOL FOR 5 MM DIAMETER TUBES4 SYSTEM SIMULATION TOOL FOR AIR CONDITIONER5 VALIDATION FOR SIMULATION TOOLS6 CONCLUSIONModeling of small-size turbocharger compressors' performance curves ABSTRACTANNOTATIONTEST METHODOLOGY AND RESULTSMODELING METHODMODELING PROCESS AND RESULTSCONCLUSIONDevelopment of a generalized steady-state simulation framework for positive displacement compressors and expanders ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 COMPONENT MODELS3 CYCLE SOLVER4 OVERALL SOLVER5 CONCLUSIONSA parallel object oriented code framework for numerical simulation of reciprocating compressors - introduction of solid parts modeling ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 COMPRESSOR MODELING APPROACH3 CASE DESCRIPTION4 NUMERICAL RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSAnalysis of the basic geometrical parameters influence on the efficiency of the Roots-type compressor on the basis of thermodynamic processes simulation ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS3 MATHEMATICAL MODEL4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION5 CONCLUSIONSA comprehensive simulation model of the dynamics of the revolving vane machine ABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 GEOMETRICAL MODELS3 DYNAMICS MODEL4 THERMODYNAMICS MODEL5 SIMULATION PROCEDURES6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS7 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTAuthor Index
