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Full Description
Biotechnology is an expansive field incorporating expertise in both the life science and engineering disciplines. In biotechnology, the scientist is concerned with developing the most favourable biocatalysts, while the engineer is directed towards process performance, defining conditions and strategies that will maximize the production potential of the biocatalyst. Increasingly, the synergistic effect of the contributions of engineering and life sciences is recognised as key to the translation of new bioproducts from the laboratory bench to commercial bioprocess. Fundamental to the successful realization of the bioprocess is a need for process engineers and life scientists competent in evaluating biological systems from a cross-disciplinary viewpoint. Bioprocess engineering aims to generate core competencies through an understanding of the complementary biotechnology disciplines and their interdependence, and an appreciation of the challenges associated with the application of engineering principles in a life science context. Initial chapters focus on the microbiology, biochemistry and molecular biology that underpin biocatalyst potential for product accumulation. The following chapters develop kinetic and mass transfer principles that quantify optimum process performance and scale up. The text is wide in scope, relating to bioprocesses using bacterial, fungal and enzymic biocatalysts, batch, fed-batch and continuous strategies and free and immobilised configurations.
Contents
DedicationList of figuresList of platesPrefaceAbout the authorChapter 1: Historical development: from ethanol to biopharmeceuticalsAbstract:Chapter 2: MicrobiologyAbstract:2.1 Microorganisms: the core of cellular bioprocesses2.2 Cellular structure and sites of metabolic reactions2.3 Classification according to carbon and energy requirements2.4 Nutrient requirementsChapter 3: Metabolic macromoleculesAbstract:3.1 Carbohydrates3.2 Lipids3.3 Proteins3.4 Nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acidsChapter 4: Molecular biologyAbstract:4.1 Replication, transcription and translation4.2 Genetic regulation4.3 Genetic modificationChapter 5: Carbon metabolismAbstract:5.1 Energy generation, storage and transfer5.2 Catabolic pathways: energy generation5.3 Anabolic pathways: energy utilisationChapter 6: Enzymes as biocatalystsAbstract:6.1 Enzyme kinetics with no inhibition6.2 Enzyme kinetics with inhibition6.3 Enzyme reactors with soluble enzymes6.4 Enzyme reactors with immobilised enzymesChapter 7: Microbial kinetics during batch, continuous and fed-batch processesAbstract:7.1 The nutrient medium7.2 Batch process design equations7.3 Continuous process design equations7.4 Fed-batch bioprocess design equationsChapter 8: The oxygen transfer rate and overall volumetric oxygen transfer coefficientAbstract:8.1 Oxygen transfer design equations8.2 Measurement of the oxygen transfer rateChapter 9: Bioprocess scale upAbstract:9.1 Scale up with constant oxygen transfer rate9.2 Scale up with constant mixing9.3 Scale up with constant shear stress9.4 Scale up with constant flow regimeChapter 10: Bioprocess asepsis and sterilityAbstract:10.1 Heat sterilisation of media and equipment10.2 Filter sterilisation of airChapter 11: Downstream processingAbstract:11.1 Overview of potential recovery operations11.2 Separation of cells and extracellular fluid11.3 Cell rupture and separation of cell extract11.4 Concentration and purification of soluble productsIndex
