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Full Description
In the spring of 1933, German society was deeply divided - in the Reichstag elections on 5 March, only a small percentage voted for Hitler. Yet, once he seized power, his creation of a socially inclusive Volksgemeinschaft, promising equality, economic prosperity and the restoration of honor and pride after the humiliating ending of World War I persuaded many Germans to support him and to shut their eyes to dictatorial coercion, concentration camps, secret state police, and the exclusion of large sections of the population. The author argues however, that the everyday practice of exclusion changed German society itself: bureaucratic discrimination and violent anti-Jewish actions destroyed the civil and constitutional order and transformed the German nation into an aggressive and racist society. Based on rich source material, this book offers one of the most comprehensive accounts of this transformation as it traces continuities and discontinuities and the replacement of a legal order with a violent one, the extent of which may not have been intended by those involved.
Contents
Abbreviations
Introduction
Chapter 1. Volksgemeinschaftas a Political Concept
The origins of the Volksgemeinschaft during the First World War
"All Authority emanates from the Volk"
Weimar Parties and the Volksgemeinschaft
Volksgemeinschaftas Exclusion
Chapter 2. Anti-Semitic Violence in the Weimar Republic
Fall 1923
Violence in the Provinces
Caesura 1930
Assault on the Constitutional State
Chapter 3. 1933 - "They won't do anything to us, after all we're Germans"
April Boycott
Emden
Dual State
Chapter 4. The Boycott as a Political Arena
Tradition of Boycotts
Resentment
Boycott Actions in Hesse
Schlüchtern
Gelnhausen
Political Arena
Chapter 5. The Crowd as an Actor
Gelnhausen
Intensification of Violence
East Prussia
Collective Violence
Chapter 6."Racial Defilement" - Honor, Gender, and Volk's Justice
Persecution of "Racial Defilement" after the Seizure of Power
Pillory Processions 1935
Norden
Media
Honor and Shame
The Nuremburg Laws
Chapter 7. The Dilemma of the Politics of Violence
The "Individual Actions" continue
Jemgum
Gladenbach
Wolfhagen
"Illusion of the Grace Period"
Chapter 8. Pogrom
The Pogramatic Mood in the early Fall of 1938
November Pogrom
Wolfhagen
Emden
Norden
Treuchtlingen
Pogroms in Europe
Effects
Conclusion: The Production of the Volksgemeinschaft
Inclusion and Exclusion
Division
Honor and Shame
Popular Justice (Volksrecht)
Self-Empowerment
Bibliography
Index of Places
