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Full Description
This book uncovers how foreign oil firms, particularly the Creole Petroleum Corporation, embedded themselves deeply in Venezuelan society between 1936 and 1976 by embracing an ambitious and unusually expansive model of corporate social responsibility. Drawing from archival research and five richly contextualized chapters, the book explains how multinational companies navigated labor unrest, rising economic nationalism, Cold War politics, and the turbulent path to nationalization by aligning foreign capital with national development priorities.
The book follows these efforts across multiple arenas: the company's adaptation to labor movements and legal reforms in the 1930s and 1940s; its role in public diplomacy and Cold War political coalitions; its construction of a national modernization narrative through mass communication; and its influence on the technocratic blueprint that shaped the 1976 nationalization. By tracing how multinational oil firms integrated themselves into Venezuela's social fabric and political landscape, Foreign Capital and the Venezuelan Oil Industry (1936-1976) offers a fresh interpretation of the relationship between foreign capital and host states, one in which corporate strategies, local partnerships, and social investments helped maintain stability, mitigate nationalism, and redefine what it meant to operate in the Global South.
Contents
Counterpoint to the Literature Consensus
Structure and Scope
Chapter 1 The Good Corporate Citizen: Social Responsibility and the Foreign Oil Companies
Chapter 2 Venezolanization: Professional Progress and the Rise of a National Managerial Elite
Chapter 3 Negotiating Differences: Conciliation and Collective Bargaining in the Venezuelan Petroleum Industry
Chapter 4 Creole's Nation: Ideas, Investments and National Development in Venezuela
Chapter 5 Foreign Policy and Business Alliances: Fighting Oil Restrictions and Political Radicalism
Chapter 6 The Nationalization of the Venezuelan Petroleum Industry: AGROPET and the Technocratic Solution
Conclusion
The Social Agenda of Foreign Oil Firms (1936-1976)
Epilogue: The Venezuelan Petroleum Industry After 1976
Bibliography
