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Full Description
Tracing grassroots activism in response to a devastating transnational oil spill
On the morning of June 23, 1976, the NEPCO 140 barge, carrying 8.7 million gallons of thick crude oil, ruptured twice while plying the swift straits of the St. Lawrence River's Thousand Islands region. Before the spill was halted, 300,000 gallons of oil had leaked, polluting eighty miles of the river and ruining shorelines on both the New York and Canadian sides. It was the largest inland oil spill in United States history to that date, and the clean-up took 122 days and cost around $8 million. The disaster also prompted concerned citizens to form Save the River, one of the most enduring environmental organizations in North America.
In Defending a Borderland, environmental historian Neil Forkey examines environmental activism along the St. Lawrence River from both sides of the international border. He focuses on the period from the 1970s to the 1990s, when numerous citizen groups activated to protect the natural environment against pollution, development, and other perceived threats. Along with reacting to the "Slick of '76," their actions included stopping low-level military flights, preventing government land acquisition to create an extended park, and blocking new power lines through the countryside.
By considering the St. Lawrence Valley—a shared space between Canada, the United States, and Mohawk territory—Forkey brings a rare transnational approach to environmental analysis. He also highlights rural, local, and conservative perspectives, all of which are understudied. Using deep archival research and oral histories, Forkey reveals the myriad ways US and Canadian citizens organized before social media, gathering around kitchen tables, and in school auditoriums, to determine ways to reach government officials and neighbors and make lasting changes to protect the natural areas around them for future generations.
Contents
List of Illustrations
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Introduction. The "Slick of '76," the St. Lawrence Borderland, and the Environmental Age
1. "To Live Neath the Line Is a Shocking Affair": Citizens Get UPSET, 1974-1980
2. Confronting Nuclear Power in Brockville and Prescott, 1976-1980
3. "Why Would We Want to Leave? Where Would We Go?": Thousand Islands Residents, Parks Canada, and the Complexities of Expansion, 1975-1981
4. Winter Navigation and the Birth of Save the River, 1978-1984
5. "The Wind Has No Boundary": Anti-incineration Battles, 1983-1990
6. Keeping the North Country's Skies Friendly: The Campaign against Low-Altitude Military Flights, 1989-1992
Conclusion
Notes
Index
