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Full Description
This books attends to what in French, since the 1980s, has been called the passeur, the figure of the intellectual, mediator, translator or journalist, who is also a socialized being in the world. The volume sets out from biographical contexts in such a way that the work as a whole is offered as a gallery of portraits leading from one kind of cultural understanding to another and then another... Geographically, the range is broadly European (England, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Poland, Spain and Switzerland) though the aim is never to display how national identities arose. Nor is this range a matter of 'covering' the field. The figures treated were all important in their own right, and yet too often they receive scholarly attention only in passing. The singular identity studied here, if there is one, could be Europe's, but the theme emphasized now and then is also that of the 'internationalization' of intellectual activity in a very long eighteenth century. The bookend chapters involving the understanding of the Orient reinforce the internationalization and the fostering of a European identity.
The volume aims less to highlight or track specific ideas transported from one cultural context to another, though there are necessarily many examples given. It proposes instead to illustrate the evolution of post-humanist cultural activity in Europe, by beginning with a series of studies in which debate arises from religious positions (not only Protestant, but Muslim, Catholic, Jesuit, Jansenist and Jewish traditions) and closing with debate become philosophical and encyclopedic. As such, the volume documents a characteristic view of the transformation of early modern intellectual activity as its center moves from religion to philosophy; and it thereby draws special attention to the essays in the middle of the volume. These deal with figures active towards the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th centuries, and their abilities, difficulties and conflicts in finding new spaces for intellectual life outside of religious and political institutions—in public discussions of philosophy, toleration, journalism, law and the curious spatialization we refer to as Anglophilia.
Contents
Chapter 1: Orientalist Pococke: Brokering Across Borders, Disciplines and Genres by Claire Gallien
Chapter 2: Jean Barbeyrac, or the ambiguities of political radicality at the dawn of Enlightenment by Edouard Tillet
Chapter 3: Pierre Des Maizeaux, a Great Cultural Intermediary by Hans Bots
Chapter 4: Pierre Coste: philosophy on the margins of Locke's Essay by Philippe Hamou
Chapter 5: Isaac de Beausobre and religious controversy: the case of the Tumult of Thorn in the Bibliothèque Germanique by Pierre Lurbe
Chapter 6: Religions Revealed, Civil and Natural: Cultural Transfer and Montesquieu's "Dissertation on the Politics of the Romans in regard to Religion" by Girolamo Imbruglia
Chapter7: Encyclopedic Transfers and the Internationalization of Intellectual Work: Louis de Jaucourt by Daniel Brewer
Chapter 8: Reconceptualizing Enlightened Networks and their Mediators: Fortunato Bartolomeo De Felice and the Transmission of Knowledge across Eighteenth-Century Europe by Clorinda Donato
Chapter 9: William Kenrick, the translator of Rousseau by Isabelle Bour
Chapter 10: The Transcultural Commerce of Sir William Jones: Transplanting and Translating Oriental Beauties by Michael Franklin
Bibliography
Index
About the contributors
