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Immigrants from the Spanish Canary Islands off the northwestern coast of Africa played a vital role in San Antonio's early history. The Canary Islanders in Texas tells the story of the fifty-five Canary Islanders who arrived in South Texas in 1731 and founded the original municipality of San Fernando de Béxar (renamed San Antonio in the nineteenth century after Texas's independence from Mexico). Through the reflections and records of María Curbelo, the last surviving member of the original settlers, readers learn of the many challenges these early settlers faced, including the assignment of land grants, distribution of riverine water, and protesting perceived monopolies of labor for the construction of homes and other structures by Franciscan missionaries. For over a century Canary Islanders and their descendants controlled municipal policy in San Antonio, Their influence began to decline beginning in 1845, however, with the annexation of Texas and the introduction of United States governance.
More than five thousand isleños live in San Antonio today, many of them descendants of the original settlers. Their influence can be seen in the city's history, culture, music, and philanthropy. Their legacy is celebrated through numerous cultural groups and organizations.
Contents
PURPOSE
PROLOGUE
ARCHIVES
DOCUMENTATION
FIRST PART
CHAPTER I
I. TAKING POSSESSION
II. CONFLICTS WITH THE CAPTAIN OF THE PRESIDIO
CHAPTER II
I. PRESIDENT JUAN LEAL'S JOURNEY TO MEXICO. INTERVIEW WITH THE VICEROY
II. THE TRIUMPHANT RETURN
CHAPTER III
I. THE INTRIGUES OF THE MISSIONS AGAINST THE CANARIAN COLONISTS
II. DISAGREEMENT AMONG THE CANARIAN COLONISTS. THE TOWN COUNCILOR ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ MEDEROS BUILDS THE LA CONCEPCIÓN CANAL FOR THE MISSIONS
III. THE ILLNESS OF MY BROTHER-IN-LAW ÁLVAREZ TRAVIESO. ARE WE CANARY ISLANDERS PRISONERS?
CHAPTER IV
I. THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SAN PEDRO CANAL FOR THE CANARY ISLANDERS. HAD PEACE ARRIVED IN THE CABILDO?
II. CONSTRUCTION OF THE FIRST CHURCH OF THE HOLY VIRGIN OF CANDELARIA AND HER HOLY SON JESUS CHRIST
CHAPTER V
I. THE CABILDO OF SAN FERNANDO DE BÉJAR (TODAY SAN ANTONIO) VERSUS ITS COUNCILOR ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ MEDEROS
II. THE REACTION OF A. RODRÍGUEZ MEDEROS. COMPLAINTS TO THE VICEROY
III. WITNESS DECLARATIONS. JUDICIAL RECUSAL. APPEARANCES FOR THE RECORD. ESCAPE FROM PRISON AND REFUGE IN THE SAN ANTONIO MISSION
IV. ILLEGAL INTERVENTION IN THE PROCEEDINGS BY THE PROSECUTOR OF THE HEARING IN MEXICO
CHAPTER VI
PARALLEL MANEUVERS BY THE CABILDO AND THE MISSIONS OUTSIDE THE PROCEEDINGS
I. I. THE CABILDO'S ACTIONS
II. ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE SOLDIERS AND PRIESTS
CHAPTER VII. THE CONTROVERSIAL REINSTATEMENT OF ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ MEDEROS IN THE CABILDO
I. THE CABILDO DOES NOT ACCEPT THE REINSTATEMENT OF THE COUNCILOR
II. A NEW TWIST IN THE PROCEEDINGS, COUNTERARGUMENTS, AND SENTENCING
CHAPTER VIII. CONSEQUENCES OF THE LAWSUIT PURSUED BY THE CABILDO OF VILLA DE SAN FERNANDO DE VÉJAR AGAINST ITS COUNCILOR, ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ MEDEROS
I. THE REMOVAL OF JUDGE ECAY Y MUSQUIS
II. The resignation of the solicitor and secretary of the Cabildo, Francisco de Arocha
CHAPTER IX. OTHER INTERESTING MATTERS IN THE HISTORY OF THE CANARY ISLANDERS IN TEXAS
I. LAWSUIT FILED BY FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE AROCHA AND JOSÉ CURBELO AGAINST THE GOVERNOR OF THE PROVINCE OF TEXAS AND NEW PHILIPPINES, FRANCISCO DE LARIOS
SECOND PART
CHAPTER I
I. MARIA JESÚS CURBELO (*) January 1844
II. A NATION AWAKENS
III. THE FOREIGNERS
IV. PROBLEMS IN SPAIN WITH THE CHURCH. FAILURE TO UNDERSTAND CANARIAN PROBLEMS IN SAN ANTONIO
CHAPTER II
I. THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN SAN ANTONIO
II. CANARIAN ESTATES
III. THE VIRGIN OF GUADALUPE
IV. GAMBLING. CREATION OF THE LOTTERY IN THE VICEROYALTY
V. V. MONEY AND BANKING IN SAN ANTONIO
CHAPTER III
I. INDIAN ATTACKS
II. THE FIRST SETTLERS FROM THE NORTH. THE ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE EXPEDITION
III. POPULATION AND MAIN SETTLEMENTS: SAN ANTONIO
CHAPTER IV
I. CONSEQUENCES OF THE PIKE EXPEDITION
CHAPTER V
I. NEW COLONISTS. MOSES AUSTIN
II. MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE
III. DISILLUSIONMENT AMONG "THE CANARY ISLANDERS"
IV. MASSIVE SETTLEMENT OF ANGLO-SAXON PRIESTS, PROFESSIONALS, AND MERCHANTS IN THE PROVINCE OF TEXAS
V. ANGLO-SAXON SCHOOL SYSTEM
CHAPTER VI
I. A RAY OF LIGHT ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE SPANISH INVASION IN MEXICO
II. FAILURE OF THE INVASION CONSEQUENCES
CHAPTER VII. CHOLERA
CHAPTER VIII
I. THE REGULATIONS FOR BECOMING A COLONIST
II. BENJAMIN R. MILAM. JAMES BOWIE
III. CORRUPTION AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS. THOUGHTS OF INDEPENDENCE. LEGALIZATION OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. NEW PROCEDURAL LAWS. SEIZURE OF THE BELONGINGS OF THE MARQUIS OF AGUAYO.
CHAPTER IX
I. CONFUSION. DISORDER
II. NEW DECREES. THE FIRST ANGLO-SAXON BANK
CHAPTER X
I. INDEPENDENCE. THE ALAMO.
COMPLETE ANGLO-SAXON DOMINANCE
APPENDICES
THE CANARIAN FAMILIES WHO FOUNDED SAN ANTONIO TEXAS
