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Full Description
In this volume of collected articles and papers on impurity and purification in early Judaism, Kazen focuses primarily on questions of the impurity of discharges and the practice of hand-washing before meals. Kazen uses both literary and historical methods, as well as approaches based on cognitive science; the analysis covers texts from the Pentateuch, Qumran, the New Testament, and some Jewish Hellenistic authors.Some chapters are based on unpublished papers, and others have been recently published in various journals; two are based on material and arguments similar to a couple of forthcoming articles for volumes that they will not always be easily found by potential readers. Several of the essays relate to or complement each other, thus making this collection very convenient for the reader interested in the topic.
Contents
Preface1. Introduction: Impurity in the Second Temple PeriodIntroductionPre-exilic purityPurity and the PersiansTemple and lifeIssues of impurity2. Impurity, Ritual, and Emotion: A Psycho-Biological ApproachIntroductionThe role of emotions for human behaviourImpurity and disgustImpurity and fearImpurity and a sense of justiceConclusions3. Explaining Discrepancies in the Laws on Genital DischargesIntroductionSystemic reading in Second Temple JudaismSystemic shaping in the text of LeviticusDiscrepancies as a gender issueThe impurity of dischargesDemonic threatConclusions4. Who Touched Whom? On Graded Impurity and First-Day Ablutions in 4Q274IntroductionPrevious researchReconstruction and readingTranslationNotesDiscussionFirst-day ablutions and graded impurityFirst-day ablutions for dischargersConclusions5. The Status of the Zavah and the Jesus TraditionIntroduction: the discharge rulesDiscrepancies within and betweenHarmonization and criteriaTemple Scroll theoryPhilo and corpse impurityJosephus and the menstruantA mitigating water rite?Dischargers in real lifeThe zavah in MarkConclusions6. Hand-washing, Pure Food and Graded Purification: Mishnah, Mark and JesusIntroductionHand-washing for secondary impuritiesWas hand-washing a priestly practice?The rationale behind hand-washingHand-washing and the date of MarkRedactional levels and audiences in Mark 7Torah and traditionImpurity from withinConclusions7. The Good Samaritan and a Presumptive CorpseIntroductionSources and levelsA purity issue?Objections and answersPriestly purity and priorityConcluding reflections8. Meier on Jesus and PurityIntroductionThree programmatic statements?The purity lawsMark 7Other possible referencesResultAppendix: Standard chartBibliographyIndicesSource indexAuthor indexSubject index
