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Full Description
This first-rate introduction to ethical theory contains sections on various forms of ethical theory, such as egoism, virtue ethics, divine command theory, and consequentialism. Each section includes two or three of the most important contributions to the field, together with brief introductions by the editors. The second edition contains an improved approach to applied ethics. Each chapter on moral theories now includes a selection that deals with a moral problem, such as human cloning, abortion, and global warming. The selection illustrates how the relevant theoretical approach is put to use. There is therefore a much tighter integration between theory and practice than before. The new edition also contains an improved section on feminist ethical theory.
Contents
CHAPTER ONE: ETHICAL RELATIVISM
Introduction
Selections from Folkways, WILLIAM GRAHAM SUMNER
Relativism and Objectivity in Ethics, WILLIAM H. SHAW
Encountering Diversity: Medical Ethics and Pluralism, JOSEPH J. FINS
CHAPTER TWO: DIVINE COMMAND THEORY
Introduction
Euthyphro, PLATO
The Story of Abraham, THE BIBLE
CHAPTER THREE: EGOISM
Introduction
The Myth of Gyges, PLATO
Egoism and Moral Scepticism, JAMES RACHELS
CHAPTER FOUR: CONSEQUENTIALISM
Introduction
Selection from Utilitarianism, JOHN STUART MILL
Two Concepts of Rules, JOHN RAWLS
The Experience Machine, ROBERT NOZICK
Rich and Poor, PETER SINGER
CHAPTER FIVE: DEONTOLOGY
Introduction
Selection from The Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, IMMANUEL KANT
A Simplified Version of Kant's Ethics: Perplexities of Famine and World Hunger, ONORA O'NEILL
Human Cloning: A Kantian Approach, PHILIP KITCHER
CHAPTER SIX: MORAL PLURALISM
Introduction
What Makes Right Acts Right?, W.D. ROSS
Pluralism and the Value of Life, JOHN KEKES
Global Warming, ROBERT HOOD
CHAPTER SEVEN: JUSTICE
Introduction
Selection from A Theory of Justice, JOHN RAWLS
The Entitlement Theory, ROBERT NOZICK
Illegal Immigrants, Health Care, and Social Responsibility, JAMES DWYER
CHAPTER EIGHT: VIRTUE ETHICS
Introduction
Selection from Nicomachean Ethics, ARISTOTLE
On Some Vices of Virtue Ethics, ROBERT B. LOUDEN
Virtue Theory and Abortion, ROSALIND HURSTHOUSE
CHAPTER NINE: FEMINIST ETHICS
Introduction
Standard Moral Theories from a Feminist Perspective, HILDE LINDEMANN
Women and Caring, NEL NODDINGS
Prostitution and the Case for Decriminalization, LAURIE SHRAGE
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