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Winner of the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Studies in Slavic Languages and Literatures (awarded by the Modern Languages Association)
This groundbreaking work by one of the world's foremost theoreticians of culture and scholars of Russian philosophy gives for the first time a systematic examination of the development of Russian philosophy during the late Soviet period.
Countering the traditional view of an intellectual wilderness under the Soviet regime, Mikhail Epstein provides a comprehensive account of Russian thought of the second half of the 20th century that is highly sophisticated without losing clarity. It provides new insights into previously mostly ignored areas such as late-Soviet Russian nationalism and Eurasianism, religious thought, cosmism and esoterism, and postmodernism and conceptualism.
Epstein shows how Russian philosophy has long been trapped in an intellectual prison of its own making as it sought to create its own utopia. However, he demonstrates that it is time to reappraise Russian thought, now freed from the bonds of Soviet totalitarianism and ideocracy but nevertheless dangerously engaged into new nationalist aspirations and metaphysical radicalism. We are left with not only a new and exciting interpretation of recent Russian intellectual history, but also the opportunity to rethink our own philosophical heritage.
Contents
Acknowledgments
Preface
Introduction: Philosophy, the State, and Plato-Marxism
Part I. The Philosophy of National Spirit. Conservatism, Eurasianism, and Traditionalism
1. The Search for National Identity. Traditions and New Challenges
2. The Neo-Slavophile Revival in Aesthetics and Criticism. Petr Palievsky and Vadim Kozhinov
3. Other Neo-Slavophiles and Nationalists of the 1960s-70s
4. Nation As Personality. The Moral Conservatism of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
5. From Anti-Socialism to Anti-Semitism. Igor Shafarevich
6. The Philosophy of Ethnicity. Neo-Eurasianism, Lev Gumilev
7. Radical Traditionalism and Neofascism. Aleksandr Dugin
Part II. Religious Thought. Orthodox Christianity
1. Major Expatriate Theologians
2. Science and Theology. Archbishop Luka (Valentin Voino-Iasenetsky)
3. The Christian Intuitivism of Boris Pasternak
4. Christian Socialism. Anatolii Krasnov-Levitin
5. Atheism as the Forerunner of Spiritual Rebirth
6. The Dialogue between Believers and Atheists. Sergei Zheludkov and Kronid Liubarsky
7. Christianity and the New Humanism. Secularization and the Intelligentsia
8. The Philosophy of Christian Synthesis. Aleksandr Men
9. The Generation of Neophytes and Theological Innovations
Part III. Mysticism, Universalism, and Cosmism
1. General Features of Russian Mysticism
2. Religious Universalism and Meta-History. Daniil Andreev and The Rose of the World
3. Cosmism and Active Evolutionism
4. The Religion of Absolute Self and the Abyss of Negativity. Iurii Mamleev
Part IV. Postmodernist Thought. Conceptualism
1. The Origins of Conceptualism
2. The Archaic Postmodernism of Andrei Siniavsky
3. The Satirical Metaphysics of Aleksandr Zinoviev
4. The Metaphysics of Emptiness. The Philosophical Installations of Ilya Kabakov
5. The Philosophy of Sots-Art and Morality of Eclecticism. Vitalii Komar and Aleksandr Melamid
6. Shimmering Aesthetics. Dmitrii Prigov
7. The Canonization of Emptiness. The Medical Hermeneutics Inspectorate
8. Postmodernism vs. Soviet Utopianism and Western Demythologization. Boris Groys
9. Academic Postmodernism. Valerii Podoroga
Epilogue: The End of Soviet Philosophy and Strategies for the Future
Conclusion
Index
