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Full Description
In recent decades several major earthquakes have caused serious damage to wooden houses, highlighting the need for earthquake-proofing of timber structures. Existing design concepts are mainly based on the static considerations of shear-resistant walls or frames of timber structures, and thus cannot predict the behavior of severely damaged structures.Meanwhile, timber structure research has employed response analyses, large-scale tests and shaking tables, which have considerable increased understanding of the behavior of wooden houses during earthquakes. Applying this knowledge and new analytical tools based on the discrete elements method, the Japanese Building Research Institute has developed the Wallstat collapse analysis software for damage assessment and prediction of the likelihood of whole building collapse during seismic motion. Researchers and engineers who specialize in timber structures can now more readily generate their own research results. This book outlines the seismic behaviour and seismic performance requirement of timber structures and explains the concept of basic earthquake-proof design, and it provides background to the collapse analysis of timber structures by seismic loading, and explains the Wallstat software along with several worked examples.The "Wallstat" executable program and its brief manual, in English, can be downloaded at www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9781482206319
Contents
Introduction -- Brief history of seismic disasters and timber structuresA brief history of seismic disastersStudies of earthquake damage to timber structuresSeismic design of timber structuresSeismic performance requirementsDesign earthquake motions and response spectrumStructural response and design methodDynamic analysisSeismic performance of timber structuresHorizontal load resisting elementsVerification of seismic performance by structural testingDrawbacks to small size mock-up experiments, and problems of the scale effectVarious types of mock-up experimentsScale effects - the necessity for dimension analysisThe impossibility of quantitatively adequate simulationEffects of loading rate on rigidity and connection strengthEffects of loading rate on the elastic modulus and strength of woodFracture aspects and load-displacement relationships of metal fastener connectionsThe necessity of dynamic loading testingReal size shake table testingThe history of the shake table testShake table test facilitiesShake table tests conducted by timber structuresThe purpose of collapse analysisThe importance of assessment for ultimate behaviour during earthquakesThe purpose of collapse analysis for structural designSimulation of timber structures, and a brief introduction to Distinct Element MethodsIntroduction to the Distinct Element MethodThe application of the Distinct Element Method to timber structuresModelling timber structures - elements and connectionsThe concept of modellingFrame membersConnectionsShear wallsConstraint conditions for column endsWeight conditionsEarthquake wavesGround conditions and seismic actionRecorded accelerogramsArtificial accelerogramsCase studies of collapse analysisCollapse analysis of two story post and beam wooden housesCollapse analysis of x system wooden housesCollapse analysis of buildings made by cross-laminated timberIntroduction to the Wallstat simulation program -- Algorithms and source codeIntroduction to WallstatFundamental algorithms of WallstatWallstat source codeWallstat program manual
