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Full Description
A study of Maya dental modification from archaeological sites spanning three millennia.
Dental modification was common across ancient societies, but perhaps none were more avid practitioners than the Maya. They filed their teeth flat or pointy, polished and drilled them, and crafted decorative inlays of jade and pyrite. Unusually, Maya of all social classes, ages, and professions engaged in dental modification. What did it mean to them?
Ancient Maya Teeth is the most comprehensive study of Maya dental modification ever published, based on thousands of teeth recovered from 130 sites spanning three millennia. Esteemed archaeologist Vera Tiesler sifts the evidence, much of it gathered with her own hands and illustrated here with more than a hundred photographs. Exploring the underlying theory and practice of dental modification, Tiesler raises key questions. How did modifications vary across the individual's lifespan? What tools were used? How did the Maya deal with pain-and malpractice? How did they keep their dentitions healthy, functioning, and beautiful? What were the relationships among gender, social identity, and religious identifications? Addressing these and other issues, Ancient Maya Teeth reveals how dental-modification customs shifted over the centuries, indexing other significant developments in Mayan cultural history.
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction: Taking Stock of Physical Dental Embodiment
1.1. Permanently Inscribed Body Modifications of the Past
1.2. Mapping Dental Decorations from Kirchhoff's "Grandiose" Mesoamerica
1.3. This Volume
Part I. Crafting Maya Teeth (Thematic Section)
Chapter 2. The Teeth of Dead People: Reconstructing Ancient Dental Works
2.1. Basics in Human Dental Morphology and Cultural Intervention
2.2. The ABCs of Traditional Dental Works
2.3. Scoring Dental Shapes in Mesoamerica
2.4. Contoured Dental Arches
2.5. Dental Drilling Procedures
Chapter 3. Mouths as Portals, Teeth as Jewels: Dentitions as Indigenous Sociocultural Constructs
3.1. The Body in Mesoamerican Thought
3.2. Meanings of Traditional Dental Display, Lost and Found
3.3. Mouths as Portals
3.4. Teeth as Jewels
3.5. Contoured Dental Arches
3.6. Jeweled Teeth
Chapter 4. The Life Cycles of Embellished Smiles
4.1. Social Age and Dental Work
4.2. Modeling Children and Sculpting Infant Teeth
4.3. Crafting the Teeth of Youngsters
4.4. Cutting into Teeth as Ritual Consumption
4.5. The Life Cycles of Modified Dental Portals
Part II. Tooth Modifications across the Maya Landscapes (Regional Survey)
Chapter 5. Dental Crafts during the First Millennium AD
5.1. Mesoamerican Tooth Sculpting before the Onset of the Classic
5.2. Maya Dental Crafting in the Course of the First Millennium AD
5.3. Crafting Teeth across the Maya Landscapes
5.4. Teeth beyond the Maya Lowland Corridor and the Role of Merchants
Chapter 6. Dental Work, Gender, Community Building, and Distinction
6.1. Dental Work among Men and Women
6.2. Living on the Fringes of the Maya World: Multiethnic Dental Embodiment in the Copan Valley
6.3. The Precious Smiles of Royals
6.4. Ch'ok Rituals and the Mouth Portal of Janaab Pakal of Palenque
Chapter 7. Tooth Decorations after the Maya Collapse
7.1. Teeth in the Maya Lowlands after the Collapse
7.2. Dental Works in the Wake of the European Conquest
7.3. Teeth and Culture in a Multiethnic Cemetery Population from Early Colonial Campeche
7.4. The Colonies and Beyond
Chapter 8. Conclusions: Ancient Maya Teeth from a Cultural Perspective
Appendix 1: Maintaining a Precious Smile: A Dentist's Perspective on Maya Inlays and Fillings. Marco RamÍrez, Patricia Quintana, Gloria HernÁndez, Vera Tiesler, and Elma Vega
A1.1. Putting Drilled Tooth Cavities into Clinical Perspective
A1.2. Toothache and the Health Burdens of Incrusted Teeth
A1.3. Therapeutical Properties of Cements and Fillers
A1.4. Patient Charts of Inlaid Dental Records
Appendix 2: List of Documented Resources in the Data Survey for This Volume
A2.1. Mexico
A2.2. Belize
A2.3. El Salvador
A2.4. Guatemala
A2.5. Honduras
A2.6. Costa Rica
A2.7. Ecuador
A2.8. Peru
Notes
References
Index
