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Full Description
Public protests are a vital tool for asserting grievances and creating temporary, yet tangible, communities as the world becomes more democratic and urban in the twenty-first century. While the political and social aspects of protest have been extensively studied, little attention has been paid to the physical spaces in which protests happen. Yet place is a crucial aspect of protests, influencing the dynamics and engagement patterns among participants. In The Design of Protest, Tali Hatuka offers the first extensive discussion of the act of protest as a design: that is, a planned event in a space whose physical geometry and symbolic meaning are used and appropriated by its organizers, who aim to challenge socio-spatial distance between political institutions and the people they should serve.
Presenting case studies from around the world, including Tiananmen Square in Beijing; the National Mall in Washington, DC; Rabin Square in Tel Aviv; and the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires, Hatuka identifies three major dimensions of public protests: the process of planning the protest in a particular place; the choice of spatial choreography of the event, including the value and meaning of specific tactics; and the challenges of performing contemporary protests in public space in a fragmented, complex, and conflicted world. Numerous photographs, detailed diagrams, and plans complement the case studies, which draw upon interviews with city officials, urban planners, and protesters themselves.
Contents
Preface
Organization of the Book
Acknowledgments
PART I. PLANNING PROTESTS
Chapter 1. Challenging Distance
Keeping Distance in Public Space
Challenging Distance during Protests
The Design of Protests
Chapter 2. Choosing a Place
Defining Distance through Forms and Symbols
Public Space Prototypes and Protest Cultures
Changing the Narration of Space
Choosing a Place, Appropriating the Right Locus
Chapter 3. Enhancing the Impact
Protest as the Juxtaposition of Spheres
Context and the Search for Alternative Forms of Protest
The Manifold Spatialities of Protests
The Underlying Principles of the Groups' Protests
Reimagining Sociospatial Distance
Chapter 4. Bargaining Power
Controlling the Events
Negotiating Power
Between Predictability and Uncertainty
PART II. SPATIAL CHOREOGRAPHIES
Chapter 5. Staging the Action
Crafting a Spatial Choreography in the Quest for Change
Spatial Prototypes of Actions: Spectacle, Procession, and Place-Making
Does a Winning Spatial Choreography Exist?
Chapter 6. Spectacles
Theater Tel Aviv, Rabin Square, November 4, 1995
Ritual Buenos Aires, Plaza de Mayo, August 31, 2006
Bareness Tel Aviv, King George, January 26, 2008
Chapter 7. Processions
Target Istanbul, Taksim Square, May 1, 1977
Conjoining Leipzig, Augustusplatz, October 9, 1989
Synchronicity Worldwide, February 15, 2003
Elasticity Caracas, Autopista Francisco Fajardo, April 11, 2002
Chapter 8. Place-Making
Reiconization Beijing, Tiananmen Square, June 4, 1989
City Design Washington, DC, National Mall, May 13-June 24, 1968
Narrative New York, Zuccotti Park, September 17-November 15, 2011
PART III. CONTINUUM
Chapter 9. Performing Protestability
Challenging Distance in Future Protests
Performing Protestability as an Ethical Task
Notes
Bibliography
Index
