Full Description
Understanding the way in which nutrients are metabolised, and hence the principles of biochemistry, is essential for understanding the scientific basis of what we would call a healthy diet. Extensively revised and updated to reflect current knowledge of nutritional and dietary requirements, Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Fifth Edition presents an accessible text on the basic principles of nutrition and metabolism and the biochemistry needed for comprehending the science of nutrition.This full-color text explores the need for food and the uses to which that food is put in the body, as well as the interactions between health and diet. It describes the metabolic pathways and the biochemical basis of their nutritional and physiological importance. Topics covered include chemical reactions and catalysis by enzymes; the role of ATP; digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins; issues associated with being overweight; problems of malnutrition; and vitamin and mineral requirements and functions. This new edition contains significantly expanded information on a variety of subjects including appetite control, hormone action, and integration and control of metabolism. The fifth edition also includes a list of key points at the end of each chapter.This text explains the conclusions of the experts who have deliberated on nutritional requirements, diet, and health, as well as the scientific basis for the conclusions they have reached. It also provides a foundation of scientific knowledge for the interpretation and evaluation of future advances in nutrition and health sciences. The accompanying CD-ROM contains new interactive tutorial exercises, PowerPoint presentations for each chapter, self-assessment quizzes, simulations of laboratory experiments, and a nutrient analysis program.
Contents
Why Eat?The need for waterThe need for energyMetabolic fuelsHunger and appetiteEnzymes and Metabolic PathwaysChemical reactions: breaking and making covalent bondsEnzymesFactors affecting enzyme activityCoenzymes and prosthetic groupsThe classification and naming of enzymesMetabolic pathwaysEnzymes in clinical chemistry and medicineThe Role of ATP in MetabolismThe adenine nucleotidesFunctions of ATPThe phosphorylation of ADP to ATPDigestion and AbsorptionThe gastrointestinal tractDigestion and absorption of carbohydratesDigestion and absorption of fatsDigestion and absorption of proteinsThe absorption of vitamins and mineralsEnergy Nutrition: the Metabolism of Carbohydrates and FatsEstimation of energy expenditureEnergy balance and changes in body weightMetabolic fuels in the fed and fasting statesEnergy-yielding metabolismThe metabolism of fatsTissue reserves of metabolic fuelsGluconeogenesis-the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursorsDiet and Health: Nutrition and Chronic Non-Communicable DiseasesChronic non-communicable diseases (the 'diseases of affluence')Types of evidence linking diet and chronic diseasesGuidelines for a prudent dietNutritional genomics: interactions between diet and genesFree radicals, oxidative damage, and antioxidant nutrientsHomocysteine in cardiovascular diseaseOther potentially protective compounds in foodsOverweight and ObesityDesirable body weightThe problems of overweight and obesityThe causes and treatment of obesityProtein-Energy Malnutrition: Problems of UndernutritionProblems of deficiencyProtein-energy malnutritionMarasmusCachexiaKwashiorkorProtein Nutrition and MetabolismNitrogen balance and protein requirementsProtein synthesisThe metabolism of amino acidsThe Integration and Control of MetabolismPatterns of metabolic regulationIntracellular regulation of enzyme activityResponses to fast-acting hormones by covalent modification of enzyme proteinsSlow-acting hormones: changes in enzyme synthesisHormonal control in the fed and fasting statesSelection of fuel for muscle activityDiabetes mellitus-a failure of regulation of blood glucose concentrationMicronutrients: the Vitamins and MineralsThe determination of requirements and reference intakesVitamin AVitamin DVitamin EVitamin KVitamin B1 (thiamin)Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)NiacinVitamin B6Vitamin B12Folic acidBiotinPantothenic acidVitamin C (ascorbic acid)MineralsNutritional anaemias
