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Full Description
rd This book has been developed from the proceedings of the 3 Tannin Confer ence honoring Professor Edwin Haslam, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, for his efforts and outstanding contributions to the field of plant polyphe nols. The meeting was held in Bend, Oregon, July 20-25, 1998, with the objective of promoting collaboration between chemists and biologists to improve our under standing of the biological significance and to expand possibilities for use of plant polyphenols. Special efforts were made to summarize current research on the in nd fluence ofthese compounds on human health. As in our 2 Tannin Conference held in Houghton, Michigan, June 1991, we strove to build the "international" charac ter of this meeting and were rewarded by an attendance of over 150 guests from 23 countries who enjoyed more than 50 lectures and 60 presentations. Our thanks go to all those who contributed to our meeting. A special thanks is extended to Professor G. Wayne McGraw, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana College, Pineville, Louisiana, who served as the financial manager of our meeting. He, his wife Bobbie McGraw, and Helen Hemingway worked hard to make this meeting run as smoothly as possible. We also would like to thank the Bend Chamber of Commerce, Central Oregon Community College, The Riverhouse, Interstate Tours, Wanderlust Tours, and the people of Bend for welcoming our group to Central Oregon.
Contents
Professor Edwin Haslam, Recipient of the 3rd Tannin Conference Award.- Che Farò Senza Polifenoli?.- Hydrolyzable Tannins.- Analysis of Gallic Acid Biosynthesis via Quantitative Prediction of Isotope Labeling Patterns.- Biosynthesis and Biodegradation of Complex Gallotannins.- Toward Understanding Monomeric Ellagitannin Biosynthesis.- Prospects and Progress in Ellagitannin Synthesis.- Highly Oxidized Ellagitannins and Their Biological Activity.- Condensed Tannins and Related Compounds.- Enantioselective Synthesis of Flavonoids: Dihydroflavonols and Flavan-3-ols.- Manipulation of Some Crucial Bonds in the Molecular Backbone of Proanthocyanidins and Related Compounds.- NMR Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Proanthocyanidins: A Systematic Approach.- Methods for Determining the Degree of Polymerization of Condensed Tannins: A New 1H-NMR Procedure Applied to Cider Apple Procyanidins.- Electrospray Contribution to Structural Analysis of Condensed Tannin Oligomers and Polymers.- Structure and Absolute Configuration of Biflavonoids with Benzofuranoid Constituent Units.- New NMR Structure Determination Methods for Prenylated Phenols.- Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activity of Natural Diels-Alder Type Adducts from Moraceous Plants.- Biotechnology.- Designer Tannins: Using Genetic Engineering to Modify Levels and Structures of Condensed Tannins in Lotus corniculatus.- Genetic Systems for Condensed Tannin Biotechnology.- Birdsfoot Trefoil: A Model for Studying the Synthesis of Condensed Tannins.- Isotopic Labelling of Dietary Polyphenols for Bioavailability Studies.- Metabolic Activity of Uridine 5?-Diphosphoglucose: Cinnamyl Alcohol Glucosyltransferase as an Intrinsic Indicator of Cambial Growth in Conifers.- Localization of Dirigent Protein Involved inLignan Biosynthesis: Implications for Lignification at the Tissue and Subcellular Level.- Antioxidant Properties and Heart Disease.- Human Metabolism of Dietary Quercetin Glycosides.- Spin Stabilizing Approach to Radical Characterization of Phenylpropanoid Antioxidants: An ESR Study of Chlorogenic Acid Oxidation in the Horseradish Peroxidase, Tyrosinase, and Ferrylmyoglobin Protein Radical Systems.- Polyphenols Increase Adhesion Between Lipid Bilayers by Forming Interbilayer Bridges.- Antiatherogenic Effects of Tea Polyphenols (Flavan-3-ols) in Humans and ApoE-Deficient Mice.- Glycosylation, Esterification, and Polymerization of Flavonoids and Hydroxycinnamates: Effects on Antioxidant Properties.- Tannins as Biological Antioxidants.- Conformation, Complexation, and Antimicrobial Properties.- Interaction of Flavanoids with Peptides and Proteins and Conformations of Dimeric Flavanoids in Solution.- Modeling the Conformation of Polyphenols and Their Complexation with Polypeptides: Self-Association of Catechin and Its Complexation with L-Proline Glycine Oligomers.- Polyphenols, Metal Ion Complexation and Biological Consequences.- Anti-caries Activity of Bark Proanthocyanidins.- Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity of Tannins and Related Compounds by Immune Modulatory Effects.- Induction of Apoptosis and Anti-HIV Activity by Tannin- and Lignin-Related Substances.- Polyphenols and Cancer.- Antitumor Activities of Ellagitannins on Tumor Cell Lines.- Chemical Constituents of Mainly Active Component Fractionated from the Aqueous Tea Non-Dialysates, an Antitumor Promoter.- Host-Mediated Anticancer Activities of Tannins.- Inhibitory Effects of Hydrolyzable Tannins on Tumor Promoting Activities Induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in JB6 Mouse Epidermal Cells.- Plant Lignans and Health: Cancer Chemoprevention and Biotechnological Opportunities.- Polyphenols in Commerce.- Black Tea Dimeric and Oligomeric Pigments—Structures and Formation.- Catechin and Procyanidin Levels in French Wines: Contribution to Dietary Intake.- Functional Properties of Hop Polyphenols.- Modification of the Solubility of Tannins: Biological Significance and Synthesis of Lipid-Soluble Polyphenols.- Sulfur Dioxide Decolorization or Resistance of Anthocyanins: NMR Structural Elucidation of Bisulfite-Adducts.- An Environmental Assessment of Vegetable Tannery Biosolids as an Organic Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner.- Tannin Autocondensation and Polycondensation for Zero Emission Tannin Wood Adhesives.- Polyphenols and Ecology.- Condensed Tannins of Salai (Gaultheria shallon Pursch): A Contributing Factor to Seedling "Growth Check" on Northern Vancouver Island?.- Constituent and Induced Tannin Accumulations in Roots of Loblolly Pines.- Geochemistry of Tannin: Methods and Applications.- Effect of Condensed Tannins in the Diets of Major Crop Insects.- Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity: A Study on Plants Eaten by a Group of Howler Monkeys (Alouatta fusca).- Tannins as Nutritional Constraints for Elk and Deer of the Coastal Pacific Northwest.- Concluding Remarks.- The 3rd Tannin Conference—Retrospect and Prospect.- Author Index.
