Full Description
The National Institute of Dental Research sponsored a workshop on "Genetically Engineered Vaccines: Prospects for Oral Disease Prevention," held at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on November 6-8, 1991. The purpose of the workshop was to convene molecular biologists and immunologists to address the state of the science in vaccine development and to explore the potential of developing vaccines for prevention of oral diseases. The goal was to elicit new research initiatives and recommendations for vaccine development with emphasis on the prevention of oral diseases and diseases affecting the orofacial tissues. The workshop was attended by more than 100 persons who heard 30 presentations, and the speakers provided the papers for this volume. The workshop focused on the following topics: oral diseases and host immune responses, update on vaccines and vaccine development, vaccines and the mucosal immune system, optimizing mucosal and systemic immune responses, delivery systems and immune analysis, target antigen selection and vaccine development, immunological correlates of protection and future direc tions/recommendations. Three key areas were identified: Optimizing the Mucosal Immune Response, Antigen Delivery Systems, and Target Antigens and Immunological Correlates of Protection. The summary and recommendations from these deliberations is included at the end of this volume.
Contents
Introductory Address.- The New Biology and Vaccine Research.- Keynote Presentation.- Mucosal Immunity To Vaccines: Current Concepts for Vaccine Development and Immune Response Analysis.- Session I: Oral Diseases and Host Immune Responses.- Prospects for Human Mucosal Vaccines.- Bacterial Diseases of the Oral Tissues.- Oral Virus Infections: The Potential for Gene Transfer in Treatment and Prevention.- Session II: Update on Vaccines and Vaccine Development.- Bacterial Mucosal Vaccines.- A General Overview of Viral Vaccine Development.- Session III: Vaccines and the Mucosal Immune System.- An Update on the "Jennerian" and Modified "Jennerian" Approach to Vaccination of Infants and Young Children Against Rota Virus Diarrhea.- Induction of Mucosal and Serum Immune Responses to a Specific Antigen of Peridontal Bacteria.- IgA1 Proteases and Host-Parasite Relationships in the Oral Cavity.- Transport of Iga Immune Complexes Across Epithelial Membranes: New Concepts n Mucosal Immunity.- Effect of Mucosal Microenvironment on Immune Response to Viruses.- Session IV: Optimizing Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses.- Induction of T Helper Cells and Cytokines For Mucosal IgA Responses.- Cytokine Production and T Cell Receptor Expression by Salivary Gland T Cell and Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes for the Regulation of the IgA Response.- Immunological Adjuvants.- Session V: Delivery Systems and Immune Analysis.- M Cell-Mediated Antigen Transport and Monoclonal IgA Antibodies For MucosalImmune Protection.- A Mechanism of Passive Immunization with Monoclonal Antibodies to a 185,000Mr Streptococcal Antigen.- Delivery of Antigens by Recombinant Avirulent Salmonella Strains.- Use of Recombinant BCG as a Vaccine Delivery Vehicle.- Vaccinia Virus Recombinants as Potential HerpesSimplex Virus Vaccines.- Liposomes and Conjugate Vaccines for Antigen Delivery and Induction of Mucosal Immune Responses.- Peroral Immunization with a Cholera Toxin-Linked Bacterial Protein Antigen and Synthetic Peptide.- Peptomers as Vaccine Candidates.- Session VI: Target Antigen Selection and Vaccine Development.- Structural and Functional Studies of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D.- Molecular, Immunological and Functional Characterization of the Major Surfae Adhesin of Streptococcus Mutans.- Reacitve Antigens of the Periodontopathic Bacterium Actinobacillus Actinmycetemcomitans.- Immunization with Fimbrial Protein and Peptide Protects Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis- Induced Periodontal Tissue Destruction.- Vaccine Development: Progression from Target Antigen to Product.- Session VII: Immunological Correlates of Protection.- Significance of Immune Responses to Oral Antigens in Dental Diseases.- Laboratory Correlates of Protection and Protective Immunity to Bordetella Pertussis.- Future Directions.- Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Research.- Summary and Recommendations for Future Research.- Speakers and Moderators.- Author Index.
