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Can contemporary religion, and particularly Judaism, exist without being informed by history? This question was debated in 1940s New York by two German refugees who later rose to prominence — Leo Strauss, one of the twentieth century's most significant political philosophers, and Emil L. Fackenheim, an important post-Holocaust Jewish theologian. There has been little consensus, however, on the definitive meaning of their work.
Reason and Revelation before Historicism, the first full-length comparison of Strauss and Fackenheim,places the informal teacher and student in conversation alongside sections of their analyses of notable thinkers. Sharon Portnoff suggests that both saw historicism as the nexus of the intersection and tension between philosophy and religion and raised the possibility of the persistence of the permanent in the modern world. Portnoff illuminates our understanding of Strauss's relationship with Judaism, Fackenheim's oft-overshadowed great philosophical depth, and the function and character of Jewish thought in a secular, post-Holocaust world.
Contents
CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION
Part I: Review of Literature
Introduction
Part II General Background
Why is There a Tension Between Philosophy and Revelatory Theology?
The Tension Between Philosophy and Revelatory Theologyin Modern Western Thought
Strauss and Fackenheim on the Tension between Philosophy and Revelatory Theology in Modern Western Thought
The Tension Between Philosophy and Revelation in Jewish Philosophy
The Dead End of Resolving the Tension
Strauss and Fackenheim: Two Options to Restore Reason and Revelation
Part III: Development of Argument in Chapter Form
Overview in Chapter Form
Strauss and Fackenheim: A Note on Methodology
CHAPTER 2 STRAUSS' FORMULATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REASON AND REVELATION IN MODERN THOUGHT AND HIS REJECTION OF A PRACTICAL SYNTHESIS
Part I: Strauss on Western Philosophy
Introduction
Strauss on the Ancient Philosophers
Strauss on Machiavelli
Strauss on Hobbes
Strauss on Heidegger
Part II: Strauss on Jewish Philosophy
Strauss on the Bible
Strauss on Spinoza
Strauss on Cohen
Strauss on Rosenzweig
Conclusion
CHAPTER 3 FACKENHEIM'S FORMULATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY AND REVELATORY THEOLOGY IN MODERN THOUGHT
Part I Fackenheim on Western Philosophy
Introduction
Fackenheim on Kant
Fackenheim on Hegel
Fackenheim on Schelling
Fackenheim on Heidegger
Part II Fackenheim on Jewish Philosophy
Fackenheim on the Bible
Fackenheim on Spinoza
Fackenheim on Rosenzweig
Fackenheim on Buber
Part III Fackenheim's Synthesis
Fackenheim's Synthesis of Revelatory Religion and Philosophy
CHAPTER 4 THE PROBLEM OF HISTORICISM
Introduction
The Necessity of "Openness" In Philosophic and/or Religious Thought
The Problem of Historicism: Strauss' Return to Natural Right
The Problem of Historicism: Fackenheim the Philosopher's Return to History
The Problem of Historicism: Fackenheim the Theologian's Return to History
Conclusion
CHAPTER 5 REASON AND REVELATION: JEWISH THOUGHT AFTER STRAUSS AND FACKENHEIM
Introduction
Strauss: Jerusalem and Athens
Fackenheim's Rejection of the Return to Greek Thought
Results from Beginning with and Fackenheim's Position
The Present Writer's Position
BIBLIOGRAPHY