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基本説明
Explores the legal and political development of forced migration, focusing on Britain and America.
Full Description
Banishing troublesome and deviant people from society was common in the early modern period. Many European countries removed their paupers, convicted criminals, rebels and religious dissidents to remote communities or to their colonies where they could be simultaneously punished and, perhaps, contained and reformed. Under British rule, poor Irish, Scottish Jacobites, English criminals, Quakers, gypsies, Native Americans, the Acadian French in Canada, rebellious African slaves, or vulnerable minorities like the Jews of St. Eustatius, were among those expelled and banished to another place.
This book explores the legal and political development of this forced migration, focusing on the British Atlantic world between 1600 and 1800. The territories under British rule were not uniform in their policies, and not all practices were driven by instructions from London, or based on a clear legal framework. Using case studies of legal and political strategies from the Atlantic world, and drawing on accounts of collective experiences and individual narratives, the authors explore why victims were chosen for banishment, how they were transported and the impact on their lives. The different contexts of such banishment - internal colonialism ethnic and religious prejudice, suppression of religious or political dissent, or the savageries of war in Europe or the colonies - are examined to establish to what extent displacement, exile and removal were fundamental to the early British Empire.
Contents
List of Maps
Acknowledgements
General Introduction
Part I - Diverse Patterns of Banishment in Britain and Ireland
1. Origins of English Judicial Banishment up to 1718
2. The Distinctive Character of Scottish Banishment
3. Religious Persecutions and Banishment - Quakers in Seventeenth-Century England and New England
4.Rebellions and Banishment: Ireland, Scotland and England, 1649-88
5. The Eighteenth-Century Jacobite Risings
Part II - Continuity and Change: British North America and the Caribbean
6. Banishment and Criminal Transportation in the 18th-century Atlantic
7. The Acadians: A People Without a Voice
8. 'Arbitrary Unjust and Illegal': Philadelphia Quakers on the Virginia Frontier, 1777-1778
9. 'Strangers and Prisoners in a Strange Land: St Augustine, 1780-81
10. The Transported Beggars of St Eustatius, 1781
Conclusions
Index
