基本説明
This volume is an approachable, comprehensive overview of the behavioral science and neuroscience of these impulsive choices and their relation to delay discounting.
Full Description
Impulsivity explores the basis for the seemingly universal tendency to devalue rewards or punishments that are not immediately available. When confronted with any number of modern impulsive behaviors-such as drug use, pathological gambling, marital infidelity, and gluttony-individuals have a choice with two outcomes: an immediate benefit, such as getting high, or a delayed or probabilistic benefit, such as health, money saved, or the satisfaction of a good life.
This volume is an approachable, comprehensive overview of the behavioral science and neuroscience of these impulsive choices and their relation to delay discounting-the tendency to devalue temporally distant rewards or punishments, even though they may greatly outbalance the immediate benefit of our choices.
The cutting-edge researchers who contributed to this volume have documented cross-species similarities in impulsive decision making and pioneered the neuroscience of impulsive choice. In this text they provide insights into harmless impulsive acts as well as those that dominate and destroy lives. The contributors tackle key issues such as whether impulsivity and risk taking are a trait or state the neuroscience, neuroeconomics, and computational modeling of neural systems underlying impulsivity and the relation between impulsivity and addictions, health decision making, altruism, and attention-deficit disorder.
Theoretical debates regarding the origins of impulsivity round out this text, which will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in psychology, behavioral economics, psychopharmacology, behavioral analysis and therapy, and the science of decision making.
Contents
Contributors
Foreword
-George Loewenstein
Introduction
-Gregory J. Madden and Warren K. Bickel
I. Methods, Models, and Findings
A Delay-Discounting Primer
-Gregory J. Madden and Patrick S. Johnson
Delay Discounting: State and Trait Variable
-Amy L. Odum and Ana A. L. Baumann
Experimental and Correlational Analyses of Delay and Probability Discounting
-Leonard Green and Joel Myerson
II. Neuroscience of Discounting and Risk-Taking
The Neural and Neurochemical Basis of Delay Discounting
-Catherine A. Winstanley
Neural Models of Delay Discounting
-A. David Redish and Zeb Kurth-Nelson
Neuroeconomics of Risk-Sensitive Decision Making
-Sarah R. Heilbronner, Benjamin Y. Hayden, and Michael L. Platt
III. Discounting and Addictive Disorders
Delay Discounting and Substance Abuse amp ndash Dependence
-Richard Yi, Suzanne H. Mitchell, and Warren K. Bickel
Drug Effects on Delay Discounting
-Harriet de Wit and Suzanne H. Mitchell
Delay Discounting as a Predictor of Drug Abuse
-Marilyn E. Carroll, Justin J. Anker, Jami L. Mach, Jennifer L. Newman, and Jennifer L. Perry
Discounting and Pathological Gambling
-Nancy M. Petry and Gregory J. Madden
IV. Discounting and the Human Condition
Role of Time and Delay in Health Decision Making
-Jalie A. Tucker, Cathy A. Simpson, and Yulia A. Khodneva
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Discounting: Multiple Minor Traits and States
-Jonathan Williams
V. Empirical and Theoretical Extensions
The Adaptive Nature of Impulsivity
-Jeffrey R. Stevens and David W. Stephens
Recursive Self-Prediction as a Proximate Cause of Impulsivity: The Value of a Bottom-Up Model
-George Ainslie
The Extended Self
-Howard Rachlin and Bryan A. Jones
Index
About the Editors
