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This volume examines the origins of institutionalised warfare in the Central Andes. Chumassy shows that the region did not experience institutionalised warfare for several millennia during the Formative Period (3000-200 BC), with peaceful theocracies predominating. From the 2nd century BC, however, evidence of warfare starts to appear in the north/central valleys in the form of numerous fortresses and weaponry as well as in iconography. He argues that this is the result of the arrival of a new population from the north east, which centralized economic and political powers creating more complex state-like systems of government, and instituting war as a feature of Andean society. French text.